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<h2><a name=MYSAMPLE></a><a name=top></a><span style='mso-bookmark:MYSAMPLE'>
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<span style='font-family:Verdana'><! ---------------- Snip Snip ---------------- >PASSTHRU.SYS- Sample NDIS Intermediate Driver</span></span><span style='font-family:Verdana'><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<h3><span style='font-family:Verdana'>SUMMARY<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<p><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><span class=SpellE><b><span style='font-family: Verdana'>Passthru</span></b></span></st1:PlaceName><b><span style='font-family: Verdana'> </span></b><st1:PlaceName><b><span style='font-family:Verdana'>Intermediate</span></b></st1:PlaceName><b><span style='font-family:Verdana'> </span></b><st1:PlaceType><b><span style='font-family:Verdana'>Miniport</span></b></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><b><spanstyle='font-family:Verdana'> Driver<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>sample is a do-nothing pass-through NDIS 5 driver that demonstrates the basicprinciples underlying an NDIS Intermediate Miniport (IM) driver. This driverexposes a virtual adapter for each binding to a real or virtual NDIS adapter.Protocols bind to these virtual adapters as if they are real adapters. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>driver re-packages and sends down all requests and sends submitted to thisvirtual adapter. The <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver can be modifiedto change the data before passing it along. For example, it couldencrypt/compress outgoing and decrypt/decompress incoming data.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span class=SpellE><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Passthru</span></span><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> also re-packages and indicates upall received data and status indications that it receives at its lower(protocol) edge.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h3><span style='font-family:Verdana'>BUILDING THE SAMPLE<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Run the <b>build</b>command from this directory to build the sample�it creates the binary <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru.sys</span>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>To install this driver onWindows� 2000, use the PASSTHRU sample notification object and <spanclass=SpellE>INFs</span>, also found in this DDK.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h3><span style='font-family:Verdana'>INSTALLING THE SAMPLE<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<p><span class=SpellE><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Passthru</span></span><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> is installed as a service (called�<span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> Driver� in the supplied <span class=SpellE>INFs</span>/notificationobject). To install, follow the steps below.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Prepare a floppy disk (orinstallation directory) that contains these files: <span class=SpellE>netsf.inf</span>,<span class=SpellE>netsf_m.inf</span> and <span class=SpellE>passthru.sys</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>On the desktop,right-click the <b>My Network Places</b> icon and choose <b>Properties</b>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Right-click on therelevant Local Area Connection icon and choose <b>Properties</b>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Click <b>Install</b>,then <b>Service</b>, then <b>Add</b>, <span class=GramE>then</span> <b>Have Disk</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Browse to thedrive/directory containing the files listed above. Click <b>OK</b>. This shouldshow �<span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> Driver� in a list of Network Services.Highlight this and click <b>OK</b>. This should install the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>driver. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Click <b>OK</b> or <spanclass=GramE><b>Yes</b></span> each time the system prompts with a warningregarding installation of unsigned files. This is necessary because binariesgenerated via the DDK build environment are not signed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Two .INF files are neededrather than one because <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> is installed both asa protocol and a miniport.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h3><span style='font-family:Verdana'>CODE TOUR<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<h4><span style='font-family:Verdana'>File Manifest<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<pre><u>File<span style='mso-tab-count:2'>���������� </span>Description<o:p></o:p></u></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Makefile</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>������ </span>Used during compilation to create the object and sys files</pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Miniport.c</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>���� </span>Miniport related functions of the <spanclass=SpellE>passthru</span> driver</pre><pre><span class=SpellE>Netsf.inf</span><spanstyle='mso-tab-count:1'>����� </span>Installation INF for the service (protocol side installation)</pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Netsf_m.inf</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>��� </span>Installation INF for the miniport (virtual device installation)</pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Passthru.c</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>���� </span><spanclass=SpellE>DriverEntry</span> routine and any routines common to the <spanclass=SpellE>passthru</span> miniport and protocol </pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Passthru.h</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>���� </span>Prototypes of all functions and data structures used by the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver</pre><pre>Passthru.htm<spanstyle='mso-tab-count:1'>�� </span>Documentation for the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver (this file)</pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Passthru.rc</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>��� </span>Resource <spanclass=GramE>file</span> for the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver</pre><pre><spanclass=SpellE>Precomp.h</span><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>����� </span><spanclass=SpellE>Precompile</span> header file</pre><pre><span class=SpellE>Protocol.c</span><spanstyle='mso-tab-count:1'>���� </span>Protocol related functions of the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver</pre><pre>Sources<span style='mso-tab-count:2'>������� </span>List of source files that are compiled and linked to create the <spanclass=SpellE>passthru</span> driver. This can be modified to create binaries that operate on previous Windows versions (e.g. Windows 2000).</pre>
<h4 style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-family:Verdana'>Programming Tour<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Basic steps in initializing andhalting of <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>1) During <span class=SpellE>DriverEntry</span>,the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver registers as a protocol and anIntermediate miniport driver.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>2) Later on, NDIS calls <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru�s</span> <span class=SpellE>BindAdapterHandler</span>, <spanclass=SpellE>PtBindAdapter</span>, for each underlying NDIS adapter to which itis configured to bind.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>3) In the context of <spanclass=SpellE>BindAdapterHandler</span> and after successfully opening a bindingto the underlying adapter, the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driverqueries the reserved keyword "<span class=SpellE>UpperBindings</span>"to get a list of device names for the virtual adapters that this particularbinding is to expose. Since this driver implements a 1:1 relationship betweenlower bindings and virtual adapters, this list contains a single name. �<spanclass=SpellE>Mux</span>� IM drivers that expose multiple virtual adapters overa single underlying adapter will process multiple entries in <spanclass=SpellE>UpperBindings</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>4) For each device name, the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver calls <span class=SpellE>NdisIMInitializeDeviceInstanceEx</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>5) In response, NDIS willeventually call back <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> miniport�s <spanclass=SpellE>MiniportInitialize</span> entry point, <span class=SpellE>MPInitialize</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>6) After <span class=SpellE>MPInitialize</span>successfully returns, NDIS takes care of getting upper-layer protocols to bindto the newly created virtual adapter(s).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>7) All requests and sends comingfrom upper-layer protocols for the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> miniportdriver are repackaged and sent down to NDIS, to be passed to the underlyingNDIS adapter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>8) All indications arriving frombindings to an underlying NDIS adapter are forwarded up as if they generatedfrom <span class=SpellE>Passthru�s</span> virtual adapters.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>9) NDIS calls the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver�s <span class=SpellE>ProtocolUnbind</span>entry point to request it to close the binding between an underlying adapterand <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> protocol. In processing this, the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver first calls <span class=SpellE>NdisIMDeInitializeDeviceInstance</span>for the virtual adapter(s) representing that particular binding.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>10) NDIS in turn will close allthe bindings between upper-layer protocols and virtual <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>adapter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>11) After all the bindings areclosed, NDIS calls the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver�s <spanclass=SpellE>MiniportHalt</span> entry point (<span class=SpellE>MPHalt</span>)for the virtual adapter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>12) The <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>protocol then closes the binding to the underlying adapter by calling <spanclass=SpellE>NdisCloseAdapter</span>, and completes the unbind request issuedin step 9.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>13) <b>Handling Power Management</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>13.1 During initialization, the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> miniport should set the Attribute '<i>NDIS_ATTRIBUTE_NO_HALT_ON_SUSPEND</i>'in its call to <span class=SpellE>NdisMSetAttributesEx</span>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>13.2 When the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>miniport is requested to report its Plug and Play capabilities(OID_PNP_CAPABILITIES), the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> miniport mustpass the request to the underlying miniport. If this request succeeds, then the<span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> miniport should overwrite the followingfields before successfully completing the original request: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>NDIS_DEVICE_POWER_STATE<spanstyle='mso-tab-count:1'>��������� </span><span class=SpellE>MinMagicPacketWakeUp</span>= <span class=SpellE>NdisDeviceStateUnspecified</span>;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>NDIS_DEVICE_POWER_STATE<spanstyle='mso-tab-count:1'>��������� </span><span class=SpellE>MinPatternWakeUp</span>=<span class=SpellE>NdisDeviceStateUnspecified</span>;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>NDIS_DEVICE_POWER_STATE<spanstyle='mso-tab-count:1'>��������� </span><span class=SpellE>MinLinkChangeWakeUp</span>=<spanclass=SpellE>NdisDeviceStateUnspecified</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>If the miniport below the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> protocol fails this request, then the status thatwas returned should be used to respond to the original request that was made tothe <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> miniport. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>13.3 OID_PNP_SET_POWER and OID_PNP_QUERY_POWERshould not be passed to the miniport below the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>protocol, as those <span class=SpellE>miniports</span> will receive independentrequests from NDIS.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>13.4 NDIS calls the <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> driver�s <span class=SpellE>ProtocolPnPEvent</span>entry point (<span class=SpellE>PtPnPHandler</span>) whenever the underlying adapteris transitioned to a different power state. If the underlying adapter istransitioning to a low power state, the IM driver should wait for alloutstanding sends and requests to complete.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>14) <b>NDIS 5.1 Features</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>14.1 All NDIS 5.1 features in <spanclass=SpellE>Passthru</span> are identified by #<span class=SpellE>ifdef</span>NDIS51 compiler directives. The following major features are illustrated (referto the DDK documentation for more information on these):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Packet stacking</span></b><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>: this allows an IM driver toreuse a packet submitted to its protocol or miniport edge to forward data down(or up) to the adjacent layer.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Canceling Sends</span></b><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>: <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>propagates send cancellations from protocols above it to lower <spanclass=SpellE>miniports</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><b><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>PnP Event Propagation</span></b><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>: <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>propagates PnP events arriving at its protocol (lower) edge to higher layerprotocols that are bound to its virtual adapter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanclass=SpellE><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>NdisQueryPendingIOCount</span></b></span><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>: <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span>uses this new API to determine if any I/O operations are in progress on itslower binding.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>15) For Win2K SP2 and <spanclass=SpellE>WinXP</span>, the <span class=SpellE>Passthru</span> sample nolonger requires a Notify Object. The Notify Object has been removed. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><spanstyle='mso-spacerun:yes'>�</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align=center style='text-align:center;tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><ahref="#top"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Top of page</span></a><spanstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><spanstyle='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"MS Sans Serif"'>� 1999 MicrosoftCorporation</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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