windows-xp/Source/XPSP1/NT/public/internal/base/inc/bugcodes.txt

BugChecks and what to do about them:

Bugchecks with no descriptions are either checked builds
only or very rare.  If you get one of these and a kernel
debugger is available do the following
    kb
    !process 0 7
    !vm
    !errlog

Note:
Please use following format for modifications in this file, it helps
the debugger to extract the description text from this file:
<BUGCODE>    <value>
<text>
PARAMETERS
  <ParamId1> - <text>
   VALUES:    - If parameter values are explained.
        <paramId1-value> : <text>
             <ParamId2> - <text>
             <ParamId3> - <text>
             <paramid4> - <text>
        <paramId1-value> : <text>
             <ParamId2> - <text>
                 VALUES:    - If parameter values are explained.
                     <paramId2-value> : <text>
                 END_VALUES
             <ParamId3> - <text>

             <paramid4> - <text>
DESCRIPTION - if more description text for bugcheck follows
<text>

APC_INDEX_MISMATCH               (0x1)
This is a kernel internal error which can occur on a checked build.
The most common reason to see such a bugcheck would occur when a
filesystem had a mismatched number of KeEnterCriticalRegion calls compared
to KeLeaveCriticalRegion calls.  This check is made on exit from a system
call.
PARAMETERS
    1 - address of system function (system call)
    2 - Thread->ApcStateIndex << 8 | Previous ApcStateIndex
    3 - Thread->KernelApcDicable
    4 - Previous KernelApcDisable

DEVICE_QUEUE_NOT_BUSY            (0x2)

INVALID_AFFINITY_SET             (0x3)

INVALID_DATA_ACCESS_TRAP         (0x4)

INVALID_PROCESS_ATTACH_ATTEMPT   (0x5)

INVALID_PROCESS_DETACH_ATTEMPT   (0x6)

INVALID_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT       (0x7)

IRQL_NOT_DISPATCH_LEVEL          (0x8)

IRQL_NOT_GREATER_OR_EQUAL        (0x9)

IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL           (0xA)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        4 - address which referenced memory

DESCRIPTION
An attempt was made to access a pagable (or completely invalid) address at an
interrupt request level (IRQL) that is too high.  This is usually
caused by drivers using improper addresses.

If a kernel debugger is available get the stack backtrace.


NO_EXCEPTION_HANDLING_SUPPORT    (0xB)

MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS_EXCEEDED    (0xC)

MUTEX_LEVEL_NUMBER_VIOLATION     (0xD)

NO_USER_MODE_CONTEXT             (0xE)

SPIN_LOCK_ALREADY_OWNED          (0xF)

SPIN_LOCK_NOT_OWNED              (0x10)

THREAD_NOT_MUTEX_OWNER           (0x11)

TRAP_CAUSE_UNKNOWN               (0x12)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Unexpected interrupt.
    2 - Unknown floating point exception.  Next parameter is enabled and
        asserted status bits (see processor definition).

EMPTY_THREAD_REAPER_LIST         (0x13)

CREATE_DELETE_LOCK_NOT_LOCKED    (0x14)

LAST_CHANCE_CALLED_FROM_KMODE    (0x15)

CID_HANDLE_CREATION              (0x16)

CID_HANDLE_DELETION              (0x17)

REFERENCE_BY_POINTER             (0x18)

BAD_POOL_HEADER                  (0x19)

The pool is already corrupt at the time of the current request.
This may or may not be due to the caller.
The internal pool links must be walked to figure out a possible cause of
the problem, and then special pool applied to the suspect tags or the driver
verifier to a suspect driver.
PARAMETERS
   1 -
    VALUES:
    3 : the pool freelist is corrupt.
       Parameter 2 - the pool entry being checked, 4/5 are the read back
        flink/blink freelist values.  The values are supposed to be the
        same parameter 2.

    5 : the adjacent pool block headers are corrupt.
       Parameter 2 - the entries whose headers are not consistent.
       Parameter 3 - the line number inside pool.c (generally not useful).
       Parameter 4 - the entries whose headers are not consistent.

MEMORY_MANAGEMENT                (0x1A)

PARAMETERS
    1 - The subtype of the bugcheck:
        VALUES:
            1 : The fork clone block reference count is corrupt.  Only occurs
                on checked builds.
DESCRIPTION
    # Any other values ( != 1) for parameter 1 must be individually examined.

PFN_SHARE_COUNT                  (0x1B)

PFN_REFERENCE_COUNT              (0x1C)

NO_SPIN_LOCK_AVAILABLE           (0x1D)

KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED      (0x1E)
PARAMETERS
    1 - The exception code that was not handled
    2 - The address that the exception occured at
    3 - Parameter 0 of the exception
    4 - Parameter 1 of the exception

DESCRIPTION
This is a very common bugcheck.  Usually the exception address pinpoints
the driver/function that caused the problem.  Always note this address
as well as the link date of the driver/image that contains this address.
Some common problems are exception code 0x80000003.  This means a hard
coded breakpoint or assertion was hit, but this system was booted
/NODEBUG.  This is not supposed to happen as developers should never have
hardcoded breakpoints in retail code, but ...
If this happens, make sure a debugger gets connected, and the
system is booted /DEBUG.  This will let us see why this breakpoint is
happening.

An exception code of 0x80000002 (STATUS_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT) indicates
that an unaligned data reference was encountered.  The trap frame will
supply additional information.

SHARED_RESOURCE_CONV_ERROR       (0x1F)

KERNEL_APC_PENDING_DURING_EXIT   (0x20)
PARAMETERS
    1 - The address of the APC found pending during exit.
    2 - The thread's APC disable count
    3 - The current IRQL

DESCRIPTION
The key data items are the thread's APC disable count.
If this is non-zero, then this is the source of the problem.
A negative value indicates that a filesystem has called
FsRtlEnterFileSystem more than FsRtlExitFileSystem.  A positive value
indicates that the reverse is true.  If you ever see this, be very very
suspicious of all file systems installed on the machine.  Third party
redirectors are especially suspicious since they do not generally
receive the heavy duty testing that NTFS, FAT, RDR, etc receive.

This current IRQL should also be 0.  If it is not, that a driver's
cancelation routine can cause this bugcheck by returning at an elevated
IRQL.  Always attempt to not what the customer was doing/closing at the
time of the crash, and note all of the installed drivers at the time of
the crash.  This symptom is usually a severe bug in a third party
driver.

QUOTA_UNDERFLOW                  (0x21)

FILE_SYSTEM                      (0x22)

FAT_FILE_SYSTEM                  (0x23)
    All file system bug checks have encoded in their first ULONG
    the source file and the line within the source file that generated
    the bugcheck.  The high 16-bits contains a number to identify the
    file and low 16-bits is the source line within the file where
    the bug check call occurs.  For example, 0x00020009 indicates
    that the FAT file system bugcheck occurred in source file #2 and
    line #9.

    The file system calls bug check in multiple places and this will
    help us identify the actual source line that generated the bug
    check.

    If you see FatExceptionFilter on the stack then the 2nd and 3rd
    parameters are the exception record and context record. Do a .cxr
    on the 3rd parameter and then kb to obtain a more informative stack
    trace.

NTFS_FILE_SYSTEM                 (0x24)
    All file system bug checks have encoded in their first ULONG
    the source file and the line within the source file that generated
    the bugcheck.  The high 16-bits contains a number to identify the
    file and low 16-bits is the source line within the file where
    the bug check call occurs.  For example, 0x00020009 indicates
    that the NTFS file system bugcheck occurred in source file #2 and
    line #9.

    The file system calls bug check in multiple places and this will
    help us identify the actual source line that generated the bug
    check.

    If you see NtfsExceptionFilter on the stack then the 2nd and 3rd
    parameters are the exception record and context record. Do a .cxr
    on the 3rd parameter and then kb to obtain a more informative stack
    trace.

NPFS_FILE_SYSTEM                 (0x25)
    All file system bug checks have encoded in their first ULONG
    the source file and the line within the source file that generated
    the bugcheck.  The high 16-bits contains a number to identify the
    file and low 16-bits is the source line within the file where
    the bug check call occurs.  For example, 0x00020009 indicates
    that the NPFS file system bugcheck occurred in source file #2 and
    line #9.

    The file system calls bug check in multiple places and this will
    help us identify the actual source line that generated the bug
    check.

CDFS_FILE_SYSTEM                 (0x26)
    All file system bug checks have encoded in their first ULONG
    the source file and the line within the source file that generated
    the bugcheck.  The high 16-bits contains a number to identify the
    file and low 16-bits is the source line within the file where
    the bug check call occurs.  For example, 0x00020009 indicates
    that the CD file system bugcheck occurred in source file #2 and
    line #9.

    The file system calls bug check in multiple places and this will
    help us identify the actual source line that generated the bug
    check.

    If you see CdExceptionFilter on the stack then the 2nd and 3rd
    parameters are the exception record and context record. Do a .cxr
    on the 3rd parameter and then kb to obtain a more informative stack
    trace.

RDR_FILE_SYSTEM                  (0x27)
    If you see RxExceptionFilter on the stack then the 2nd and 3rd parameters are the
    exception record and context record. Do a .cxr on the 3rd parameter and then kb to
    obtain a more informative stack trace.

    The high 16 bits of the first parameter is the RDBSS bugcheck code, which is defined
    as follows:
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_CACHESUP  = 0xca550000,
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_CLEANUP   = 0xc1ee0000,
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_CLOSE     = 0xc10e0000,
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_NTEXCEPT  = 0xbaad0000,

    Further the mapping between each of the above RDBSS bugcheck codes and the
    corresponding files (all in ...\base\fs\rdr2\rdbss directory) is as follows -
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_CACHESUP  ===> cachesup.c
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_CLEANUP  ====> cleanup.c
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_CLOSE =======> close.c
     RDBSS_BUG_CHECK_NTEXCEPT ====> ntexcept.c

CORRUPT_ACCESS_TOKEN             (0x28)

SECURITY_SYSTEM                  (0x29)

INCONSISTENT_IRP                 (0x2A)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Address of the IRP that was found to be inconsistent

DESCRIPTION
An IRP was encountered that was in an inconsistent state; i.e., some field
or fields of the IRP were inconsistent w/the remaining state of the IRP.
An example would be an IRP that was being completed, but was still marked
as being queued to a driver's device queue.  This bugcheck code is not
currently being used in the system, but exists for debugging purposes.

PANIC_STACK_SWITCH               (0x2B)
This error indicates that the kernel mode stack was overrun. This normally
occurs when a kernel-mode driver uses too much stack space.  It can also
occur when serious data corruption occurs in the kernel.

PORT_DRIVER_INTERNAL             (0x2C)

SCSI_DISK_DRIVER_INTERNAL        (0x2D)

DATA_BUS_ERROR                   (0x2E)
This bugcheck is normally caused by a parity error in the system memory.
PARAMETERS
        1 - Virtual address that caused the fault
        2 - Physical address that caused the fault.
        3 - Processor status register (PSR)
        4 - Faulting instruction register (FIR)
DESCRIPTION
This error can also be caused by a driver accessing a bad virtual
address whose backing physical address does not exist.

INSTRUCTION_BUS_ERROR            (0x2F)

SET_OF_INVALID_CONTEXT           (0x30)

Attempt to set the stack pointer in the trap frame to a lower value than
the current stack pointer value.   This would cause the kernel run with a
stack pointer pointing to stack which is no longer valid.
PARAMETERS
    1 - New stack pointer
    2 - Old stack pointer
    3 - TrapFrame address
    4 - 0

PHASE0_INITIALIZATION_FAILED     (0x31)

    System init failed early on.  A debugger is required to analyze this.

PHASE1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED     (0x32)
PARAMETERS
    1 - NT status code that describes why the system initialization failed.
    2 - Indicates location within init.c where phase 1 initialization failure occured

UNEXPECTED_INITIALIZATION_CALL   (0x33)

CACHE_MANAGER                    (0x34)
    See the comment for FAT_FILE_SYSTEM (0x23)

NO_MORE_IRP_STACK_LOCATIONS      (0x35)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Address of the IRP

DESCRIPTION
A higher level driver has attempted to call a lower level driver through
the IoCallDriver() interface, but there are no more stack locations in the
packet, hence, the lower level driver would not be able to access its
parameters, as there are no parameters for it.  This is a disasterous
situation, since the higher level driver "thinks" it has filled in the
parameters for the lower level driver (something it MUST do before it calls
it), but since there is no stack location for the latter driver, the former
has written off of the end of the packet.  This means that some other memory
has probably been trashed at this point.

DEVICE_REFERENCE_COUNT_NOT_ZERO  (0x36)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Address of the device object

DESCRIPTION
A device driver has attempted to delete one of its device objects from the
system but the reference count for that object was non-zero, meaning that
there are still outstanding references to the device.  (The reference count
indicates the number of reasons why this device object cannot be deleted.)
This is a bug in the calling device driver.

FLOPPY_INTERNAL_ERROR            (0x37)

SERIAL_DRIVER_INTERNAL           (0x38)

SYSTEM_EXIT_OWNED_MUTEX          (0x39)

SYSTEM_UNWIND_PREVIOUS_USER      (0x3A)

SYSTEM_SERVICE_EXCEPTION         (0x3B)

INTERRUPT_UNWIND_ATTEMPTED       (0x3C)

INTERRUPT_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED  (0x3D)

MULTIPROCESSOR_CONFIGURATION_NOT_SUPPORTED (0x3E)
The system has multiple processors, but they are asymmetric in relation
to one another.  In order to be symmetric all processors must be of
the same type and level.  For example, trying to mix a Pentium level
processor with an 80486 would cause this bugcheck.


NO_MORE_SYSTEM_PTES              (0x3F)
PARAMETERS
        1 - PTE Type (0 - system expansion, 1 nonpaged pool expansion)
        2 - Requested size
        3 - Total free system PTEs
        4 - Total system PTEs

DESCRIPTION
No System PTEs left.  Usually caused by a driver not cleaning up
properly.  If kernel debugger available get stack trace and
"!sysptes 3".

Set HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management\TrackPtes to a DWORD 1 value and reboot.  Then the system will save stack traces
so the guilty driver can be identified.  There is no other way to find out
which driver is neglecting to clean up the I/Os.  A bugcheck DRIVER_USED_EXCESSIVE_PTES will then occur if the system runs out of PTEs again and the offending
driver's name will be printed.

TARGET_MDL_TOO_SMALL             (0x40)

A driver has called the IoBuildPartialMdl() function and passed it an MDL
to map part of a source MDL, but the target MDL is not large enough to map
the entire range of addresses requested.  This is a driver bug.  The source
and target MDLs, as well as the address range length to be mapped are the
arguments to the IoBuildPartialMdl() function, i.e.;

    IoBuildPartialMdl(
        IN PMDL SourceMdl,
        IN OUT PMDL TargetMdl,
        IN PVOID VirtualAddress,
        IN ULONG Length
        )

MUST_SUCCEED_POOL_EMPTY          (0x41)

PARAMETERS
        1 - size of the request that could not be satisfied
        2 - number of pages used of nonpaged pool
        3 - number of > PAGE_SIZE requests from nonpaged pool
        4 - number of pages available

DESCRIPTION
No component should ever ask for must-succeed pool as if there is none left,
the system crashes.  Instead, components should ask for normal pool and
gracefully handle the scenario where the pool is temporarily empty.  This
bugcheck definitely reveals a bug in the caller (use kb to identify the caller).
In addition, the fact that the pool is empty may be either a transient condition
or possibly a leak in another component (distinguish between the 2 cases by
following the directions below).

Type kb to show the calling stack.
Type !vm 1 to display total pool usage.
Then type !poolused 2 to display per-tag nonpaged pool usage.
Then type !poolused 4 to display per-tag paged pool usage.
The crash should be looked at by the tag owner that is consuming the most pool.

ATDISK_DRIVER_INTERNAL           (0x42)

NO_SUCH_PARTITION                (0x43)

MULTIPLE_IRP_COMPLETE_REQUESTS   (0x44)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Address of the IRP

DESCRIPTION
A driver has requested that an IRP be completed (IoCompleteRequest()), but
the packet has already been completed.  This is a tough bug to find because
the easiest case, a driver actually attempted to complete its own packet
twice, is generally not what happened.  Rather, two separate drivers each
believe that they own the packet, and each attempts to complete it.  The
first actually works, and the second fails.  Tracking down which drivers
in the system actually did this is difficult, generally because the trails
of the first driver have been covered by the second.  However, the driver
stack for the current request can be found by examining the DeviceObject
fields in each of the stack locations.

INSUFFICIENT_SYSTEM_MAP_REGS     (0x45)

DEREF_UNKNOWN_LOGON_SESSION      (0x46)

REF_UNKNOWN_LOGON_SESSION        (0x47)

CANCEL_STATE_IN_COMPLETED_IRP    (0x48)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Pointer to the IRP

DESCRIPTION
This bugcheck indicates that an I/O Request Packet (IRP) that is to be
cancelled, has a cancel routine specified in it -- meaning that the packet
is in a state in which the packet can be cancelled -- however, the packet
no longer belongs to a driver, as it has entered I/O completion.  This is
either a driver bug, or more than one driver is accessing the same packet,
which is not likely and much more difficult to find.

PAGE_FAULT_WITH_INTERRUPTS_OFF   (0x49)

IRQL_GT_ZERO_AT_SYSTEM_SERVICE   (0x4A)

Returning to usermode from a system call at an IRQL > PASSIVE_LEVEL.
PARAMETERS
    1 - Address of system function (system call routine)
    2 - Current IRQL
    3 - 0
    4 - 0

STREAMS_INTERNAL_ERROR           (0x4B)

FATAL_UNHANDLED_HARD_ERROR       (0x4C)

If a hard error occurs during system booting before windows is up, and
the hard error is a real error, the system will blue screen crash.

Some common cases are:

    x218 - This means a necessary registry hive file could not be
           loaded.  The obvious reason is if it is corrupt or missing.
           In this case, either the Emergency Repair Disk or a
           reinstall is required.

           Some less obvious reasons are that the driver has corrupted
           the registry data while loading into memory, or the memory
           where the registry file was loaded is not actually memory.

    x21a - This means that either winlogon, or csrss (windows) died
           unexpectedly.  The exit code tells more information.  Usually
           it is c0000005 meaning that an unhandled exception crashed
           either of these processes.

    x221 - This means that a driver is corrupt, or a system DLL was
           detected to be corrupt.  We do our best to integrity check
           drivers and important system DLLs, and if they are corrupt,
           the blue screen displays the name of the corrupt file.
           This prevents crashes from occuring when we stumble into the
           corruption later.  Safeboot or boot an alternate OS (or reinstall)
           and then make sure the on disk file that is listed as bad
           matches the version on CD and replace if necessary.  In some
           cases, random corruption can mean that there is a hardware
           problem in the I/O path to the file.

NO_PAGES_AVAILABLE               (0x4D)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Total number of dirty pages
        2 - Number of dirty pages destined for the pagefile(s).
        3 - Nonpaged pool available at time of bugcheck (in pages).
        4 - Number of transition pages that are currently stranded.

DESCRIPTION
No free pages available to continue operations.
If kernel debugger available "!vm 3".

        This bugcheck can occur for the following reasons:

        1.  A driver has blocked, deadlocking the modified or mapped
            page writers.  Examples of this include mutex deadlocks or
            accesses to paged out memory in filesystem drivers, filter
            drivers, etc.  This indicates a driver bug.

            If parameter 1 or 2 is large, then this is a possibility.  Type
            "!process 8 7" in the kernel debugger.

        2.  The storage driver(s) are not processing requests.  Examples
            of this are stranded queues, non-responding drives, etc.  This
            indicates a driver bug.

            If parameter 1 or 2 is large, then this is a possibility.  Type
            "!process 8 7" in the kernel debugger.

        3.  Not enough pool is available for the storage stack to write out
            modified pages.  This indicates a driver bug.

            If parameter 3 is small, then this is a possibility.  Type
            "!vm" and "!poolused 2" in the kernel debugger.

        4.  A high priority realtime thread has starved the balance set
            manager from trimming pages and/or starved the modified writer
            from writing them out.  This indicates a bug in the component
            that created this thread.

            This one is hard to determine, try "!ready"

        5.  All the processes have been trimmed to their minimums and all
            modified pages written, but still no memory is available.  The
            freed memory must be stuck in transition pages with non-zero
            reference counts - thus they cannot be put on the freelist.
            A driver is neglecting to unlock the pages preventing the
            reference counts from going to zero which would free the pages.
            This may be due to transfers that never finish and the driver
            never aborts or other driver bugs.

            If parameter 4 is large, then this is a possibility.  But it
            is very hard to find the driver.  Try "!process 0 1" and look
            for any that have a lot of locked pages.

If the problem cannot be found, then try booting with /DEBUG and a kernel
debugger attached, so if it reproduces, a debug session can be initiated
to identify the cause.

PFN_LIST_CORRUPT                 (0x4E)
PARAMETERS
    1 -
    VALUES:
      1: value 1
        2 - ListHead value which was corrupt
        3 - number of pages available
        4 - 0
      2: value 2
        2 - entry in list being removed
        3 - highest physical page number
        4 - reference count of entry being removed

DESCRIPTION
Typically caused by drivers passing bad memory descriptor lists (ie: calling MmUnlockPages twice with the same list, etc).  If a kernel debugger is available get the stack trace.


NDIS_INTERNAL_ERROR              (0x4F)

PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA      (0x50)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced.
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation.
        3 - If non-zero, the instruction address which referenced the bad memory
            address.
        4 - Mm internal code.

DESCRIPTION
Invalid system memory was referenced.  This cannot be protected by try-except, it
must be protected by a Probe.  Typically the address is just plain bad or it is pointing at freed memory.

REGISTRY_ERROR                   (0x51)
PARAMETERS
        1 - value 1 (indicates where we bugchecked)
        2 - value 2 (indicates where we bugchecked)
        3 - depends on where it bugchecked, may be pointer to hive
        4 - depends on where it bugchecked, may be return code of
            HvCheckHive if the hive is corrupt.

DESCRIPTION
Something has gone badly wrong with the registry.  If a kernel debugger
is available, get a stack trace.It can also indicate that the registry got
an I/O error while trying to read one of its files, so it can be caused by
hardware problems or filesystem corruption.

It may occur due to a failure in a refresh operation, which is used only
in by the security system, and then only when resource limits are encountered.

MAILSLOT_FILE_SYSTEM             (0x52)

NO_BOOT_DEVICE                   (0x53)

LM_SERVER_INTERNAL_ERROR         (0x54)

DATA_COHERENCY_EXCEPTION         (0x55)

INSTRUCTION_COHERENCY_EXCEPTION  (0x56)

XNS_INTERNAL_ERROR               (0x57)

FTDISK_INTERNAL_ERROR            (0x58)

The system was booted from a revived primary partition so
the hives say the mirror is ok, when in fact it is not.
The "real" image of the hives are on the shadow.
The user must boot from the shadow.

PINBALL_FILE_SYSTEM              (0x59)
    See the comment for FAT_FILE_SYSTEM (0x23)

CRITICAL_SERVICE_FAILED          (0x5A)

SET_ENV_VAR_FAILED               (0x5B)

HAL_INITIALIZATION_FAILED        (0x5C)

UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR            (0x5D)
    386 - System failed because the processor is only a 386 or
    compatible.  The system requires a Pentium (or higher) compatible processor.

OBJECT_INITIALIZATION_FAILED     (0x5E)

SECURITY_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x5F)

PROCESS_INITIALIZATION_FAILED    (0x60)

HAL1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED       (0x61)

OBJECT1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED    (0x62)

SECURITY1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED  (0x63)

SYMBOLIC_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x64)

MEMORY1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED    (0x65)

CACHE_INITIALIZATION_FAILED      (0x66)

CONFIG_INITIALIZATION_FAILED     (0x67)

PARAMETERS
    1 - indicates location in ntos\config\cmsysini that failed
    2 - location selector
        3 - NT status code

DESCRIPTION
This means the registry couldn't allocate the pool needed to contain the
registry files.  This should never happen, since it is early enough in
system initialization that there is always plenty of paged pool available.

FILE_INITIALIZATION_FAILED       (0x68)

IO1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED        (0x69)

Initialization of the I/O system failed for some reason.  There is
very little information available.  In general, setup really made
some bad decisions about the installation of the system, or the user has
reconfigured the system.

LPC_INITIALIZATION_FAILED        (0x6A)

PROCESS1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x6B)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Indicates the NT status code that caused the failure.
    2 - Indicates the location in psinit.c where the failure
        was detected.

REFMON_INITIALIZATION_FAILED     (0x6C)

SESSION1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x6D)
    1 - Indicates the NT status code that caused the failure.

DESCRIPTION
The bugcheck code (SESSION1 - SESSION5) indicates the location in
ntos\init\init.c where the failure was detected.

SESSION2_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x6E)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Indicates the NT status code that tripped us into thinking
        that initialization failed.

DESCRIPTION
The bugcheck code (SESSION1 - SESSION5) indicates the location in
ntos\init\init.c where the failure was detected.

SESSION3_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x6F)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Indicates the NT status code that tripped us into thinking
        that initialization failed.

DESCRIPTION
The bugcheck code (SESSION1 - SESSION5) indicates the location in
ntos\init\init.c where the failure was detected.

SESSION4_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x70)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Indicates the NT status code that tripped us into thinking
        that initialization failed.

The bugcheck code (SESSION1 - SESSION5) indicates the location in
ntos\init\init.c where the failure was detected.

SESSION5_INITIALIZATION_FAILED   (0x71)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Indicates the NT status code that tripped us into thinking
        that initialization failed.

DESCRIPTION
The bugcheck code (SESSION1 - SESSION5) indicates the location in
ntos\init\init.c where the failure was detected.

ASSIGN_DRIVE_LETTERS_FAILED      (0x72)

CONFIG_LIST_FAILED               (0x73)
Indicates that one of the core system hives cannot be linked in the
registry tree. The hive is valid, it was loaded OK. Examine the 2nd
bugcheck argument to see why the hive could not be linked in the
registry tree.

PARAMETERS
        1 - 1
        2 - Indicates the NT status code that tripped us into thinking
                        that we failed to load the hive.
        3 - Index of hive in hivelist
        4 - Pointer to UNICODE_STRING containing filename of hive

DESCRIPTION
This can be either SAM, SECURITY, SOFTWARE or DEFAULT. One common reason
for this to happen is if you are out of disk space on the system drive
(in which case param 4 is 0xC000017D - STATUS_NO_LOG_SPACE) or an attempt
to allocate pool has failed (in which case param 4 is 0xC000009A -
STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES). Other status codes must be individually
investigated.


BAD_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INFO           (0x74)
Can indicate that the SYSTEM hive loaded by the osloader/NTLDR
was corrupt.  This is unlikely, since the osloader will check
a hive to make sure it isn't corrupt after loading it.

It can also indicate that some critical registry keys and values
are not present.  (i.e. somebody used regedt32 to delete something
that they shouldn't have)  Booting from LastKnownGood may fix
the problem, but if someone is persistent enough in mucking with
the registry they will need to reinstall or use the Emergency
Repair Disk.

PARAMETERS
                1 - identifies the function
                2 - identifies the line inside the function
                3 - other info
                4 - usually the NT status code.

CANNOT_WRITE_CONFIGURATION       (0x75)

This will result if the SYSTEM hive file cannot be converted to a
mapped file. This usually happens if the system is out of pool and
we cannot reopen the hive.

PARAMETERS
                1 - 1
                2 - Indicates the NT status code that tripped us into thinking
                        that we failed to convert the hive.

DESCRIPTION
Normally you shouldn't see this as the conversion happens at early
during system initialization, so enough pool should be available.

PROCESS_HAS_LOCKED_PAGES         (0x76)
PARAMETERS
        1 - 0
        2 - process address
        3 - number of locked pages
        4 - pointer to driver stacks (if enabled) or 0 if not.

DESCRIPTION
Caused by a driver not cleaning up completely after an I/O.  Set
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management\TrackLockedPages to a DWORD 1 value and reboot.  Then the system will save stack traces
so the guilty driver can be identified.  There is no other way to find out
which driver is neglecting to clean up the I/Os.  When you enable this flag,
if the driver commits the error again you will see a different
bugcheck - DRIVER_LEFT_LOCKED_PAGES_IN_PROCESS - which can identify the
offending driver(s).

KERNEL_STACK_INPAGE_ERROR        (0x77)
PARAMETERS
        1 - status code
        2 - i/o status code
        3 - page file number
        4 - offset into page file

   1 - status code
   VALUES:
     0 : (page was retrieved from page cache)
        2 - value found in stack where signature should be
        3 - 0
        4 - address of signature on kernel stack

     1 : (page was retrieved from disk)
        2 - value found in stack where signature should be
        3 - 0
        4 - address of signature on kernel stack

     2 : (page was retrieved from disk, storage stack returned SUCCESS,
            but the Status.Information != PAGE_SIZE)
        2 - value found in stack where signature should be
        3 - 0
        4 - address of signature on kernel stack

DESCRIPTION
The requested page of kernel data could not be read in.  Caused by
bad block in paging file or disk controller error.

In the case when the first and second arguments are 0, the stack signature
in the kernel stack was not found.  Again, bad hardware.

An I/O status of c000009c (STATUS_DEVICE_DATA_ERROR) or
C000016AL (STATUS_DISK_OPERATION_FAILED)  normally indicates
the data could not be read from the disk due to a bad
block.  Upon reboot autocheck willl run and attempt to map out the bad
sector.  If the status is C0000185 (STATUS_IO_DEVICE_ERROR) and the paging
file is on a SCSI disk device, then the cabling and termination should be
checked.  See the knowledge base article on SCSI termination.

PHASE0_EXCEPTION                 (0x78)

MISMATCHED_HAL                   (0x79)
PARAMETERS
    1 - type of mismatch
    VALUES:
        1:
            The PRCB release levels mismatch.  (something is out of date)
            2 - Major PRCB level of ntoskrnl.exe
            3 - Major PRCB level of hal.dll

        2:
            The build types mismatch.
            2 - Build type of ntoskrnl.exe
            3 - Build type of hal.dll

                Build type
                    0 = Free multiprocessor enabled build
                    1 = Checked multiprocessor enabled build
                    2 = Free uniprocessor build

DESCRIPTION
The HAL revision level and HAL configuration type does not match that
of the kernel or the machine type.  This would probably happen if the
user has manually updated either ntoskrnl.exe or hal.dll and managed to
get a conflict.

You have an MP (multi-processor) Hal and a UP (uni-processor) Kernel,
or the reverse.



KERNEL_DATA_INPAGE_ERROR         (0x7A)
PARAMETERS
        1 - lock type that was held (value 1,2,3, or PTE address)
        2 - error status (normally i/o status code)
        3 - current process (virtual address for lock type 3, or PTE)
        4 - virtual address that could not be in-paged

DESCRIPTION
The requested page of kernel data could not be read in.  Typically caused by
a bad block in the paging file or disk controller error. Also see
KERNEL_STACK_INPAGE_ERROR.

If the error status is 0xC000000E, 0xC000009C, 0xC000009D or 0xC0000185,
it means the disk subsystem has experienced a failure.
ntmsd is the best alias to take care of these types of failures.

If the error status is 0xC000009A, then it means the request failed because
a filesystem failed to make forward progress.  The filesystem alias is the
right alias to look at these types of failures.




INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE         (0x7B)
PARAMETERS
    1 - Pointer to the device object or Unicode string of ARC name

DESCRIPTION
During the initialization of the I/O system, it is possible that the driver
for the boot device failed to initialize the device that the system is
attempting to boot from, or it is possible for the file system that is
supposed to read that device to either fail its initialization or to simply
not recognize the data on the boot device as a file system structure that
it recognizes.  In the former case, the argument (#1) is the address of a
Unicode string data structure that is the ARC name of the device from which
the boot was being attempted.  In the latter case, the argument (#1) is the
address of the device object that could not be mounted.

If this is the initial setup of the system, then this error can occur if
the system was installed on an unsupported disk or SCSI controller.  Note
that some controllers are supported only by drivers which are in the Windows
Driver Library (WDL) which requires the user to do a custom install.  See
the Windows Driver Library for more information.

This error can also be caused by the installation of a new SCSI adapter or
disk controller or repartitioning the disk with the system partition.  If
this is the case, on x86 systems the boot.ini file must be edited or on ARC
systems setup must be run.  See the "Advanced Server System Administrator's
User Guide" for information on changing boot.ini.

If the argument is a pointer to an ARC name string, then the format of the
first two (and in this case only) longwords will be:

    USHORT Length;
    USHORT MaximumLength;
    PVOID Buffer;

That is, the first longword will contain something like 00800020 where 20
is the actual length of the Unicode string, and the next longword will
contain the address of buffer.  This address will be in system space, so
the high order bit will be set.

If the argument is a pointer to a device object, then the format of the first
word will be:

    USHORT Type;

That is, the first word will contain a 0003, where the Type code will ALWAYS
be 0003.

Note that this makes it immediately obvious whether the argument is a pointer
to an ARC name string or a device object, since a Unicode string can never
have an odd number of bytes, and a device object will always have a Type
code of 3.

BUGCODE_PSS_MESSAGE              (0x7C)

INSTALL_MORE_MEMORY              (0x7D)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Number of physical pages found
        2 - Lowest physical page
        3 - Highest physical page
        4 - 0

DESCRIPTION
Not enough memory to boot Windows.

SYSTEM_THREAD_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED      (0x7E)
PARAMETERS
    1 - The exception code that was not handled
    2 - The address that the exception occured at
    3 - Exception Record Address
    4 - Context Record Address

DESCRIPTION
This is a very common bugcheck.  Usually the exception address pinpoints
the driver/function that caused the problem.  Always note this address
as well as the link date of the driver/image that contains this address.
Some common problems are exception code 0x80000003.  This means a hard
coded breakpoint or assertion was hit, but this system was booted
/NODEBUG.  This is not supposed to happen as developers should never have
hardcoded breakpoints in retail code, but ...
If this happens, make sure a debugger gets connected, and the
system is booted /DEBUG.  This will let us see why this breakpoint is
happening.

An exception code of 0x80000002 (STATUS_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT) indicates
that an unaligned data reference was encountered.  The trap frame will
supply additional information.

UNEXPECTED_KERNEL_MODE_TRAP      (0x7F)

This means a trap occured in kernel mode, and it's a trap of a kind
that the kernel isn't allowed to have/catch (bound trap) or that
is always instant death (double fault).  The first number in the
bugcheck parens is the number of the trap (8 = double fault, etc)
Consult an Intel x86 family manual to learn more about what these
traps are. Here is a *portion* of those codes:

PARAMETERS
        1 - x86 trap number
             VALUES:
             0: EXCEPTION_DIVIDED_BY_ZERO
             1: EXCEPTION_DEBUG
             2: EXCEPTION_NMI
             3: EXCEPTION_INT3
             5: EXCEPTION_BOUND_CHECK
             6: EXCEPTION_INVALID_OPCODE
             7: EXCEPTION_NPX_NOT_AVAILABLE
             8: EXCEPTION_DOUBLE_FAULT
             9: EXCEPTION_NPX_OVERRUN
             A: EXCEPTION_INVALID_TSS
             B: EXCEPTION_SEGMENT_NOT_PRESENT
             C: EXCEPTION_STACK_FAULT
             D: EXCEPTION_GP_FAULT
             F: EXCEPTION_RESERVED_TRAP
            10: EXCEPTION_NPX_ERROR
            11: EXCEPTION_ALIGNMENT_CHECK

DESCRIPTION
If kv shows a taskGate
        use .tss on the part before the colon, then kv.
Else if kv shows a trapframe
        use .trap on that value
Else
        !trap on the appropriate frame (which will be the ebp that
        goes with a procedure named KiTrap...) (at least on x86) will
        show where the trap was taken.
Endif

kb will then show the corrected stack.



NMI_HARDWARE_FAILURE             (0x80)

This is typically due to a hardware malfunction, the hardware vendor should be called.

SPIN_LOCK_INIT_FAILURE           (0x81)

DFS_FILE_SYSTEM                  (0x82)

SETUP_FAILURE                    (0x85)

(NOTE:  Textmode setup no longer uses bugchecks to bail out of serious
error conditions.  Therefore, you will never encounter a bugcheck 0x85.
All bugchecks have been replaced with friendlier and (where possible)
more descriptive error messages.  Some of the former bugchecks, however,
have simply been replaced by our own bugcheck screen, and the codes for
these error conditions are the same as before.  These are documented below.)

The first extended bugcheck field is a code indicating what the
problem is, and the other fields are used differently depending on
that value.
PARAMETERS
    1 -
        VALUES:
        0:  The oem hal font is not a valid .fon format file, and so setup
            is unable to display text.
            This indicates that vgaxxx.fon on the boot floppy or CD-ROM
            is damaged.

        1:  Video initialization failed.  NO LONGER A BUGCHECK CODE.
            This error now has its own error screen, and the user is only
            presented with the two relevant parameters detailed below.

            This may indicate that the disk containing vga.sys
            (or other video driver appropriate to the machine)
            is damaged or that machine has video hardware that
            we cannot communicate with.

            3 - Status code from NT API call, if appropriate.

            2 - What failed:
            VALUES:
                0 : NtCreateFile of \device\video0
                1 : IOCTL_VIDEO_QUERY_NUM_AVAIL_MODES
                2 : IOCTL_VIDEO_QUERY_AVAIL_MODES
                3: Desired video mode not supported.  This is indicative of
                   an internal setup error.
                4: IOCTL_VIDEO_SET_CURRENT_MODE (unable to set video mode)
                5: IOCTL_VIDEO_MAP_VIDEO_MEMORY
                6: IOCTL_VIDEO_LOAD_AND_SET_FONT
            END_VALUES

        2:  Out of memory.  NO LONGER A BUGCHECK CODE.
            This error now uses a more friendly error screen that works regardless
            of how far along in setup we are.

        3:  Keyboard initialization failed.  NO LONGER A BUGCHECK CODE.
            There are now 2 error screens for the two different possible errors
            we can get here.
            This may indicate that the disk containing the keyboard driver
            (i8042prt.sys or kbdclass.sys) is damaged or that machine has
            keyboard hardware we cannot communicate with.

            It may also mean that the keyboard layout dll could not be loaded.

            2 - What failed:
            VALUES:
                0: NtCreateFile of \device\KeyboardClass0 failed.
                   "Setup did not find a keyboard connected to your computer."
                1: Unable to load keyboard layout dll.
                   "Setup could not load the keyboard layout file <filename>."
                   Indicates that the cd or floppy is missing a file (kbdus.dll
                   for us release, other layout dlls for localized ones).
            END_VALUES

        4:  Setup was unable to resolve the ARC device pathname of
            the device from which setup was started. This is an internal
            Setup error.

        5:  Partitioning sanity check failed.  This indicates a bug in
            a disk driver.  The parameters are meaningful only to the setup
            group.

MBR_CHECKSUM_MISMATCH            (0x8B)

This message occurs during the boot process when the MBR checksum the system
calculates does not match the checksum passed in by the loader. This is usually
an indication of a virus. There are many forms of viruses and not all can be
detected. The newer ones usually can only be detected by a virus scanner that
has recently been upgraded. Boot a write-protected disk containing a virus
scanner and attempt to clean out the infection.

PARAMETERS

    1 - Disk Signature from MBR.
    2 - MBR checksum calculated by osloader.
    3 - MBR checksum calculated by system.

KERNEL_MODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED      (0x8E)
PARAMETERS
    1 - The exception code that was not handled
    2 - The address that the exception occured at
    3 - Trap Frame

DESCRIPTION
This is a very common bugcheck.  Usually the exception address pinpoints
the driver/function that caused the problem.  Always note this address
as well as the link date of the driver/image that contains this address.
Some common problems are exception code 0x80000003.  This means a hard
coded breakpoint or assertion was hit, but this system was booted
/NODEBUG.  This is not supposed to happen as developers should never have
hardcoded breakpoints in retail code, but ...
If this happens, make sure a debugger gets connected, and the
system is booted /DEBUG.  This will let us see why this breakpoint is
happening.

An exception code of 0x80000002 (STATUS_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT) indicates
that an unaligned data reference was encountered.  The trap frame will
supply additional information.


PP0_INITIALIZATION_FAILED        (0x8F)

This message occurs if phase 0 initialization of the kernel-mode Plug and
Play Manager failed.

PP1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED        (0x90)

This message occurs if phase 1 initialization of the kernel-mode Plug and
Play Manager failed.  This is where most of the initialization is done,
including setting up the environment (registry, etc.) for drivers to
subsequently call during I/O init.


UP_DRIVER_ON_MP_SYSTEM           (0x92)

This message occurs if a UNIPROCESSOR only driver is loaded on a MultiProcessor
system with more than one active processor.

PARAMETERS

    1 - The Base address of the driver.

INVALID_KERNEL_HANDLE           (0x93)

This message occurs if kernel code (server, redirector, other driver, etc.) attempts
to close a handle that is not a valid handle.

PARAMETERS

    1 - The handle that NtClose was called with.

    2 -
    VALUES
        0 : means a protected handle was closed.
        1 : means an invalid handle was closed.

KERNEL_STACK_LOCKED_AT_EXIT     (0x94)

This message occurs when a thread exits while its kernel stack is
marked as not swapable

INVALID_WORK_QUEUE_ITEM         (0x96)

This message occurs when KeRemoveQueue removes a queue entry whose flink
or blink field is null.  This is almost always called by code misusing
worker thread work items, but any queue misuse can caus this.  The rule
is that an entry on a queue may only be inserted on the list once. When an
item is removed from a queue, it's flink field is set to NULL. This bugcheck
occurs when remove queue attempts to remove an entry, but the flink or blink field
is NULL. In order to debug this problem, you need to know the queue being referenced.
If the queue is one of the EX worker queues (ExWorkerQueue), then the item being
removed is a WORK_QUEUE_ITEM (see ex.h). This bugcheck assumes that this is the case.
The bugcheck ex parameters are designed to help identify the driver misusing the queue
item.

PARAMETERS

    1 - The address of the queue entry whose flink/blink field is NULL
    2 - The address of the queue being references. Usually this is one
        of the ExWorkerQueues.
    3 - The base address of the ExWorkerQueue array. This will help determine if
        the queue in question is an ExWorkerQueue and if so, the offset from this
        parameter will isolate the queue.
    4 - If this is an ExWorkerQueue (which it usually is), this is the address of the
        worker routine that would have been called if the work item was valid. This
        can be used to isolate the driver that is misusing the work queue.


BOUND_IMAGE_UNSUPPORTED         (0x97)

END_OF_NT_EVALUATION_PERIOD     (0x98)

Your Windows System is an evaluation unit with an expiration date. The trial period is over.

PARAMETERS

    1 - The low order 32 bits of your installation date
    2 - The high order 32 bits of your installation date
    3 - The trial period in minutes

INVALID_REGION_OR_SEGMENT       (0x99)

ExInitializeRegion or ExInterlockedExtendRegion was called with an invalid
set of parameters.

SYSTEM_LICENSE_VIOLATION        (x9a)

A violation of the software license agreement has occurred. This can be due to either
attempting to change the product type of an offline system, or an attempt to change
the trial period of an evaluation unit of Windows.

PARAMETERS
    1 - Violation type
    VALUES:
        0 : means that offline product type changes were attempted
            2 - if 1, product should be LanmanNT or ServerNT. If 0, should be WinNT
            3 - partial serial number
            4 - first two characters of product type from product options.

        1 : means that offline changes to the nt evaluation unit time period
            2 - registered evaluation time from source 1
            3 - partial serial number
            4 - registered evaluation time from alternate source


        2 : means that the setup key could not be opened
            2 - status code associated with the open failure

        3 : The SetupType value from the setup key is missing so gui setup
            mode could not be detected
            2 - status code associated with the key lookup failure

        4 : The SystemPrefix value from the setup key is missing
            2 - status code associated with the key lookup failure

        4 : The SystemPrefix value from the setup key is missing

        5 : means that offline changes were made to the number of licensed processors
            2 - see setup code
            3 - invalid value found in licensed processors
            4 - officially licensed number of processors

        6 : means that ProductOptions key could not be opened
            2 - status code associated with the open failure

        7 : means that ProductType value could not be read
            2 - status code associated with the read failure

        8 : means that Change Notify on ProductOptions failed
            2 - status code associated with the change notify failure

        9 : means that Change Notify on SystemPrefix failed
            2 - status code associated with the change notify failure

        10 : Looks like an NTW system was converted to an NTS system

        11 : Reference of setup key failed
            2 - status code associated with the change failure

        12 : Reference of product options key failed
            2 - status code associated with the change failure

        13 : Open of ProductOptions in worker thread failed
            2 - status code associated with the failure

        16 : Failure occured in the setup key worker thread
            2 - status code associated with the failure
            3 - 0 means set value failed, 1 means change notify failed

        17 : Failure occured in the product options key worker thread
            2 - status code associated with the failure
            3 - 0 means set value failed, 1 means change notify failed

        18 : Could not open the LicenseInfoSuites key for the suite
            2 - status code associated with the failure

        19 : Could not query the LicenseInfoSuites key for the suite
            2 - status code associated with the failure

        20 : Could not allocate memory
            2 - size of memory alllocation

        21 : Could not re-set the ConcurrentLimit value for the suite key
            2 - status code associated with the failure

        22 : Could not open the license key for a suite product
            2 - status code associated with the failure

        23 : Could not re-set the ConcurrentLimit value for a suite product
            2 - status code associated with the failure

        24 : Could not start the change notify for the LicenseInfoSuites
            2 - status code associated with the open failure

        25 : A suite is running on a system that must be pdc

        26 : Failure occurred when enumerating the suites
            2 - status code associated with the failure


UDFS_FILE_SYSTEM              (0x9B)
    All file system bug checks have encoded in their first ULONG
    the source file and the line within the source file that generated
    the bugcheck.  The high 16-bits contains a number to identify the
    file and low 16-bits is the source line within the file where
    the bug check call occurs.  For example, 0x00020009 indicates
    that the UDF file system bugcheck occurred in source file #2 and
    line #9.

    The file system calls bug check in multiple places and this will
    help us identify the actual source line that generated the bug
    check.

    If you see UdfExceptionFilter on the stack then the 2nd and 3rd
    parameters are the exception record and context record. Do a .cxr
    on the 3rd parameter and then kb to obtain a more helpful stack
    trace.

MACHINE_CHECK_EXCEPTION         (0x9C)

A fatal Machine Check Exception has occurred.

KeBugCheckEx parameters;

    x86 Processors
        If the processor has ONLY MCE feature available (For example Intel Pentium),
        the parameters are:

        1 - Low  32 bits of P5_MC_TYPE MSR
        2 -
        3 - High 32 bits of P5_MC_ADDR MSR
        4 - Low  32 bits of P5_MC_ADDR MSR

        If the processor also has MCA feature available (For example Intel
        Pentium Pro), the parameters are:

        1 - Bank number
        2 - Address field of MCi_ADDR MSR for the MCA bank that had the error
        3 - High 32 bits of MCi_STATUS MSR for the MCA bank that had the error
        4 - Low  32 bits of MCi_STATUS MSR for the MCA bank that had the error

DRIVER_POWER_STATE_FAILURE      (0x9F)

A driver is causing an inconsistent power state.

PARAMETERS

     1 - SubCode
     VALUES:
        1   : The device object is being freed which still has an
              outstanding power request which it has not completed
        2   : The device object completed the irp for the system power
              state request, but failed to call PoStartNextPowerIrp
     END_VALUES

     2 - Optional Target
     3 - DeviceObject
     4 - DriverObject

INTERNAL_POWER_ERROR            (0xA0)

The power policy manager experienced a fatal error.

PARAMETERS:

    1 -
    VALUES:
        1   : Error Handling power IRP.

        2   : Unhandled exception.  To debug this, dump the stack.  Look
              for the function ntoskrnl!PopExceptionFilter.  The first
              argument to this function is of type PEXCEPTION_POINTERS.
              In the debugger, type 'dt nt!_EXCEPTION_POINTERS <argument>'.
              Then type '.cxr <value of context record from the previous command>'.
              All subsequent debugger commands will show you the actual
              source of the error.  Start with a stack trace by typing 'kb'.

        3   : Failed to write processor context record to hibernation file.

        4   : Failed to write I/O context to hibernation file.

        5   : Failed to write checksum to hibernation file.


PCI_BUS_DRIVER_INTERNAL         (0xA1)

The PCI Bus driver detected inconsistency
problems in its internal structures and could not continue.


MEMORY_IMAGE_CORRUPT            (0xA2)
On a system wake operation, various regions of memory may be CRCed to
guard against memory failures.

PARAMETERS

     1 -
     VALUES:
        2   : Table page check failure
                2 - the page number with the failing page run index
                3 - non-zero, the index which failed to match the run
                VALUES:
                    0 :
                        2 - the page number in of the table page which failed
                END_VALUES

        3   : The checksum for the range of memory listed is incorrect
                2 - starting physical page # of the range
                3 - length (in pages) of the range
                4 - the page number of the table page containing this run

ACPI_DRIVER_INTERNAL            (0xA3)

The ACPI Driver detected an internal inconsistency. The inconsistency is
so severe that continuing to run would cause serious problems.

The ACPI driver calls this when the state is so inconsistent that proceeding
would actually be dangerous. The problem may or may not be a BIOS issue, but
we cannot actually tell.

To find the place where the driver died, look at the 2nd parameter. The high
word corresponds to an entry in wdm\acpi\driver\nt\debug.h. The low word
corresponds to a line number.


CNSS_FILE_SYSTEM_FILTER          (0xA4)
    See the comment for FAT_FILE_SYSTEM (0x23)

ACPI_BIOS_ERROR                 (0xA5)

The ACPI Bios in the system is not fully compliant with the ACPI specification.
The first value indicates where the incompatibility lies:

  Plug & Play and Power Management related incompatibilities:

    0x1 --- ACPI_ROOT_RESOURCES_FAILURE
      ACPI cannot find the SCI Interrupt vector in the resources handed
      to it when ACPI is started.
        Argument 0  - ACPI's deviceExtension
        Argument 1  - ACPI's ResourceList
        Argument 2  - 0 <- Means no resource list found
        Argument 2  - 1 <- Means no IRQ resource found in list

    0x2 --- ACPI_ROOT_PCI_RESOURCE_FAILURE
      ACPI could not process the resource list for the PCI root buses
      There is an White Paper on the Web Site about this problem
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for the PCI bus
        Argument 1  - 0
          Argument 2  - Pointer to the QUERY_RESOURCES irp
        Argument 1  - 1
          Argument 2  - Pointer to the QUERY_RESOURCE_REQUIREMENTS irp
        Argument 1  - 2
          Argument 2  - 0 <- Indicates that we found an empty resource list
        Argument 1  - 3 <- Could not find the current bus number in the CRS
          Argument 2  - Pointer to the PNP CRS descriptor
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the Resource List for PCI
          Argument 2  - Pointer to the E820 Memory Table

    0x3 --- ACPI_FAILED_MUST_SUCCEED_METHOD
      ACPI tried to run a control method while creating device extensions
      to represent the ACPI namespace, but this control method failed
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Object that was being run
        Argument 1  - return value from the interpreter
        Argument 2  - Name of the control method (in ULONG format)

    0x4 --- ACPI_PRW_PACKAGE_EXPECTED_INTEGER
      ACPI evaluated a _PRW and expected to find an integer as a
      package element
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the _PRW belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the method
        Argument 2  - The DataType returned (see amli.h)

    0x5 --- ACPI_PRW_PACKAGE_TOO_SMALL
      ACPI evaluated a _PRW and the package that came back failed to
      contain at least 2 elements. The ACPI specification requires that
      two elements to always be present in a _PRW.
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the _PRW belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the _PRW
        Argument 2  - Number of elements in the _PRW

    0x6 --- ACPI_PRx_CANNOT_FIND_OBJECT
      ACPI tried to find a named object named, but could not find it.
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the _PRx belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the _PRx
        Argument 2  - Pointer to the name of the object to look for

    0x7 --- ACPI_EXPECTED_BUFFER
      ACPI evaluated a method and expected to receive a Buffer in return.
      However, the method returned some other data type
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the method belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the method
        Argument 2  - The DataType returned (see amli.h)

    0x8 --- ACPI_EXPECTED_INTEGER
      ACPI evaluated a method and expected to receive an Integer in return.
      However, the method returned some other data type
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the method belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the method
        Argument 2  - The DataType returned (see amli.h)

    0x9 --- ACPI_EXPECTED_PACKAGE
      ACPI evaluated a method and expected to receive a Package in return.
      However, the method returned some other data type
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the method belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the method
        Argument 2  - The DataType returned (see amli.h)

    0xA --- ACPI_EXPECTED_STRING
      ACPI evaluated a method and expected to receive a String in return.
      However, the method returned some other data type
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which the method belongs to
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the method
        Argument 2  - The DataType returned (see amli.h)

    0xB --- ACPI_EJD_CANNOT_FIND_OBJECT
      ACPI cannot find the object referenced to by an _EJD string
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which which the _EJD belongs to
        Argument 1  - The status returned by the interpreter
        Argument 2  - Name of the object we are trying to find

    0xC --- ACPI_CLAIMS_BOGUS_DOCK_SUPPORT
      ACPI provides faulty/insufficient information for dock support
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which ACPI found a dock device
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the _EJD method
        Argument 2  - 0 <- Bios does not claim system is dockage
                      1 <- Duplicate device extensions for dock device

    0xD --- ACPI_REQUIRED_METHOD_NOT_PRESENT
      ACPI could not find a required method/object in the namespace
      This is the bugcheck that is used if a vendor does not have an
      _HID or _ADR present
         Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension that we need the object for
         Argument 1  - The (ULONG) name of the method we looked for
         Argument 2  - 0 <- Base Case
         Argument 2  - 1 <- Conflict

    0xE --- ACPI_POWER_NODE_REQUIRED_METHOD_NOT_PRESENT
      ACPI could not find a requird method/object in the namespace for
      a power resource (or entity other than a "device"). This is the
      bugcheck used if a vendor does not have an _ON, _OFF, or _STA present
      for a power resource
        Argument 0  - The NS PowerResource that we need the object for
        Argument 1  - The (ULONG) name of the method we looked for
        Argument 2  - 0 <- Base Case

    0xF --- ACPI_PNP_RESOURCE_LIST_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
      ACPI could not parse the resource descriptor
        Argument 0  - The current buffer that ACPI was parsing
        Argument 1  - The buffer's tag
        Argument 2  - The specified length of the buffer

    0x10 --- ACPI_CANNOT_MAP_SYSTEM_TO_DEVICE_STATES
      ACPI could not map determine the system to device state mapping
      correctly. There is a very long white paper about this topic
        Argument 0  - The ACPI Extension for which are trying to do the mapping
        Argument 1  - 0 The _PRx mapped back to a non-supported S-state
          Argument 2  - The DEVICE_POWER_STATE (ie: x+1)
        Argument 1  - 1 We cannot find a D-state to associate with the S-state
          Argument 2  - The SYSTEM_POWER_STATE that is causing us grief
        Argument 1  - 2 The device claims to support wake from this s-state but
                        the s-state is not supported by the system
          Argument 2  - The SYSTEM_POWER_STATE that is causing us grief

    0x11 --- ACPI_SYSTEM_CANNOT_START_ACPI
      The system could not enter ACPI mode
        Argument 0  - 0 <- System could not initialize AML interpreter
        Argument 0  - 1 <- System could not find RSDT
        Argument 0  - 2 <- System could not allocate critical driver structures
        Argument 0  - 3 <- System could not load RSDT
        Argument 0  - 4 <- System could not load DDBs
        Argument 0  - 5 <- System cannot connect Interrupt vector
        Argument 0  - 6 <- SCI_EN never becomes set in PM1 Control Register
        Argument 0  - 7 <- Table checksum is incorrect
          Argument 1  - Pointer to the table that had a bad checksum
          Argument 2  - Creator Revision
        Argument 0  - 8 <- Failed to load DDB
          Argument 1  - Pointer to the table that we failed to load
          Argument 2  - Creator Revision
        Argument 0  - 9 <- Unsupported Firmware Version
          Argument 1  - FADT Version
        Argument 0  - 10 <- System could not find MADT
        Argument 0  - 11 <- System could not find any valid Local SAPIC structures in the MADT

  Interrupt Routing Failures/Incompatibilities:

  A _PRT is the ACPI BIOS object that specifies how all the
  PCI devices are connected to the interrupt controllers.  PRT
  stands for PCI Routing Table.  A machine with multiple PCI
  busses may have multiple _PRTs. A _PRT can be displayed using the
  command !acpikd.nsobj <address of _PRT object>

    0x2001 --- ACPI_FAILED_PIC_METHOD
      ACPI tried to evaluate the PIC control method and but failed
        Argument 0  - InterruptModel (Integer)
        Argument 1  - return value from interpreter
        Argument 2  - Pointer to the PIC control method

    0x10001 --- ACPI_CANNOT_ROUTE_INTERRUPTS
      ACPI tried to do interrupt routing, but failed
        Argument 0  - Pointer to the device object
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the parent of the device object
        Argument 2  - Pointer to the PRT

    0x10002 --- ACPI_PRT_CANNOT_FIND_LINK_NODE
      ACPI could not find the link node referenced in a _PRT
        Argument 0  - Pointer to the device object
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the string name we are looking for, but
                      could not find.
        Argument 2  - Pointer to the PRT.
                      Dump this with !acpikd.nsobj <argument 2>

    0x10003 --- ACPI_PRT_CANNOT_FIND_DEVICE_ENTRY
      ACPI could not find a mapping in the _PRT package for a device
        Argument 0  - Pointer to the device object
        Argument 1  - The Device ID / Function Number. This DWORD is encoded
                      as follows: Bits 5:0 are the PCI Device Number,
                      Bits 8:6 are the PCI function number.
        Argument 2  - Pointer to the PRT.
                      Dump this with !acpikd.nsobj <argument 2>

    0x10005 --- ACPI_PRT_HAS_INVALID_FUNCTION_NUMBERS
      ACPI found an entry in the _PRT for which the function ID isn't
      all F's. The Win98 behaviour is to bugcheck if it see this condition,
      so we do so all well. The generic format for a _PRT entry is such
      that the device number is specified, but the function number isn't.
      If it isn't done this way, then the machine vendor can introduce
      dangerous ambiguities
        Argument 0  - Pointer to the PRT object.
                      Dump this with !acpikd.nsobj <argument 2>
        Argument 1  - Pointer to the current PRT Element. This is an index into
                      the PRT.
        Argument 2  - The DeviceID/FunctionID of the element. This DWORD is
                      encoded. Bits 15:0 are the PCI Function Number.
                      Bits 31:16 are the PCI Device Number.

    0x10006 --- ACPI_LINK_NODE_CANNOT_BE_DISABLED
      ACPI found a link node, but cannot disable it. Link nodes must
      be disable to allow for reprogramming
        Argument 0  - Pointer to the link node. This device is missing the
                      _DIS method.


    0x10007 ---
      The _PRT contained a reference to a vector not described in the
      I/O APIC entries MAPIC table.
        Argument 0 - The vector that couldn't be found

  Other Failures/Incompatibilities:

    0x20000 ---
      The PM_TMR_BLK entry in the Fixed ACPI Description Table doesn't point
      to a working ACPI timer block.
        Argument 0 - The I/O port in the Fixed Table

BAD_EXHANDLE                    (0xA7)

The kernel mode handle table detected an inconsistent handle table
entry state.

SESSION_HAS_VALID_POOL_ON_EXIT  (0xAB)
PARAMETERS
        1 - session ID
        2 - number of paged pool bytes that are leaking
        3 - number of nonpaged pool bytes that are leaking
        4 - total number of paged and nonpaged allocations that are leaking.
            nonpaged allocations are in the upper half of this word,
            paged allocations are in the lower half of this word.

DESCRIPTION
Caused by a session driver not freeing its pool allocations prior to a
session unload.  This typically indicates a bug in win32k.sys, atmfd.dll,
rdpdd.dll or a video driver.

HAL_MEMORY_ALLOCATION           (0xAC)

The HAL was unable to obtain memory for a system critical requirement.
These allocations are made early in system initialization and such a
failure is not expected.  It probably indicates some other critical error
such as pool corruption or massive consumption.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Allocation size.
        2 - 0
        3 - Pointer to string containing file name.
        4 - Line number of call to KeBugCheckEx.

VIDEO_DRIVER_INIT_FAILURE       (0xB4)

The system was not able to go into graphics mode because no display drivers
were able to start.  This usually occurs if no video miniport drivers load
successfully.

ATTEMPTED_SWITCH_FROM_DPC       (0xB8)

A wait operation, attach process, or yield was attempted from a DPC routine.
This is an illegal operation and the stack track will lead to the offending
code and original DPC routine.

CHIPSET_DETECTED_ERROR          (0xB9)

SESSION_HAS_VALID_VIEWS_ON_EXIT  (0xBA)
PARAMETERS
        1 - session ID
        2 - number of mapped views that are leaking
        3 - address of this session's mapped views table
        4 - size of this session's mapped views table.

DESCRIPTION
Caused by a session driver not unmapping its mapped views prior to a
session unload.  This typically indicates a bug in win32k.sys, atmfd.dll,
rdpdd.dll or a video driver.

NETWORK_BOOT_INITIALIZATION_FAILED  (0xBB)
PARAMETERS
    1 - the part of network initialization that failed
    2 - the failure status
DESCRIPTION
Caused if we are booting off the network, and a critical function fails during
IO initialization. Currently the codes for the first value are:
1 - updating the registry.
2 - starting the network stack - send IOCTLs to the redirector and datagram
    receiver, then wait for the redirector to be ready. If it is not ready
    within a certain period of time, we fail.
3 - failed sending the DHCP IOCTL to TCP - this is how we inform the
    transport of its IP adress.

NETWORK_BOOT_DUPLICATE_ADDRESS  (0xBC)
PARAMETERS
    1 - the IP address, show as a hex DWORD. So an address aa.bb.cc.dd will
        appear as 0xddccbbaa.
    2 - the hardware address of the other machine.
    3 - the hardware address of the other machine.
    4 - the hardware address of the other machine. For Ethernet, a MAC address
        of aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff will be indicated by the second parameter containing
        0xaabbccdd, the third parameter containing 0xeeff0000, and the fourth
        parameter containing 0x00000000.
DESCRIPTION
This indicates that when TCP/IP sent out an ARP for its IP address, it got
a response from another machine, indicating a duplicate IP address. When we
are booting off the network this is a fatal error.

INVALID_HIBERNATED_STATE    (0xBD)
The hibernated memory image does not match the current hardware configuration.
This bugcheck occurs when a system resumes from hibernate and discovers that the
hardware has been changed while the system was hibernated.
PARAMETERS
    1 - hardware that was invalid
        VALUES:
        1 : Number of installed processors is less than before the hibernation
            2 - number of processors before hibernation
            3 - number of processors after hibernation

ATTEMPTED_WRITE_TO_READONLY_MEMORY    (0xBE)
An attempt was made to write to readonly memory.  The guilty driver is on the stack trace (and is typically the current instruction pointer).

PARAMETERS
    1 - Virtual address for the attempted write.
    2 - PTE contents.
    3 - Unique internal Mm information.
    4 - Unique internal Mm code.

DESCRIPTION
When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

MUTEX_ALREADY_OWNED             (0xBF)

This thread is attempting to acquire ownership of a mutex it already owns.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Address of Mutex
        2 - Thread
        3 - 0
        4 - Unique value to help development isolate the instance.

SPECIAL_POOL_DETECTED_MEMORY_CORRUPTION     (0xC1)

Special pool has detected memory corruption.  Typically the current thread's stack bactrace will reveal the guilty party.

PARAMETERS
    4 - subclass of driver violation.
        VALUES:
        0x30 : caller is trying to allocate pool from an incorrect IRQL level
            1 - current IRQL
            2 - pool type
            3 - number of bytes

        0x20 : caller is trying to free pool which is not allocated
            1 - address trying to free
            2 - Mm internal code
            3 - 0.

        0x31 : caller is trying to free pool from an incorrect IRQL level
            1 - current IRQL
            2 - pool type
            3 - address trying to free

        0x21 : caller is trying to free a bad address
            1 - address trying to free
            2 - bytes requested
            3 - bytes calculated

        0x22 : caller is trying to free a bad address
            1 - address trying to free
            2 - bytes requested
            3 - bytes calculated

        0x23 : caller is freeing an address where nearby bytes within the same page have been corrupted
            1 - address trying to free
            2 - address where bits are corrupted
            3 - unique internal Mm pattern

        0x24 : caller is freeing an address where bytes after the end of the allocation have been overwritten
            1 - address trying to free
            2 - address where bits are corrupted
            3 - unique internal Mm pattern

BAD_POOL_CALLER                             (0xC2)

The current thread is making a bad pool request.  Typically this is at a bad IRQL level or double freeing the same allocation, etc.

PARAMETERS
    1 - type of pool violation the caller is guilty of.
        VALUES:

    0x0 : The caller is requesting a zero byte pool allocation.
       Parameter 2 - zero.
       Parameter 3 - the pool type being allocated.
       Parameter 4 - the pool tag being used.

    0x1 :  Pool header has been corrupted
        Parameter 2 - Pointer to pool header
        Parameter 3 - First part of pool header contents
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x2 :  Pool header has been corrupted
        Parameter 2 - Pointer to pool header
        Parameter 3 - First part of pool header contents
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x4 :  Pool header has been corrupted
        Parameter 2 - Pointer to pool header
        Parameter 3 - First part of pool header contents
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x6 :    Attempt to free pool which was already freed
        Parameter 2 - Reserved (__LINE__)
        Parameter 3 - Pointer to pool header
        Parameter 4 - Pool header contents

    0x7 :    Attempt to free pool which was already freed
        Parameter 2 - Reserved (__LINE__)
        Parameter 3 - Pointer to pool header
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x8 :    Attempt to allocate pool at invalid IRQL
        Parameter 2 - Current IRQL
        Parameter 3 - Pool type
        Parameter 4 - Size of allocation

    0x9 :    Attempt to free pool at invalid IRQL
        Parameter 2 - Current IRQL
        Parameter 3 - Pool type
        Parameter 4 - Address of pool

    0x40 :    Attempt to free usermode address to kernel pool
        Parameter 2 - Starting address
        Parameter 3 - Start of system address space
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x41 :    Attempt to free a non-allocated nonpaged pool address
        Parameter 2 - Starting address
        Parameter 3 - physical page frame
        Parameter 4 - highest physical page frame

    0x42 :    Attempt to free a virtual address which was never in any pool
        Parameter 2 - Address being freed.
        Parameter 3 - 0
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x43 :    Attempt to free a virtual address which was never in any pool
        Parameter 2 - Address being freed.
        Parameter 3 - 0
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x50 :    Attempt to free a non-allocated paged pool address
        Parameter 2 - Starting address
        Parameter 3 - Start offset in pages from beginning of paged pool
        Parameter 4 - Size in bytes of paged pool

    0x99 :    Attempt to free pool with invalid address  (or corruption in pool header)
        Parameter 2 - Address being freed
        Parameter 3 - 0
        Parameter 4 - 0

    0x9A :    Attempt to allocate must-succeed pool (this pool type has been deprecated)
        Parameter 2 - Pool type
        Parameter 3 - Size of allocation in bytes
        Parameter 4 - Allocation's pool tag

DRIVER_VERIFIER_DETECTED_VIOLATION         (0xC4)

A device driver attempting to corrupt the system has been caught.  This is
because the driver was specified in the registry as being suspect (by the
administrator) and the kernel has enabled substantial checking of this driver.
If the driver attempts to corrupt the system, bugchecks 0xC4, 0xC1 and 0xA will
be among the most commonly seen crashes.

PARAMETERS
    1 - subclass of driver violation.
        VALUES
        0x00 : caller is trying to allocate zero bytes
           2 - current IRQL
           3 - pool type
           4 - number of bytes

        0x01 : caller is trying to allocate paged pool at DISPATCH_LEVEL or above
            2 - current IRQL
            3 - pool type
            4 - number of bytes

        0x02 : caller is trying to allocate nonpaged pool at an IRQL above DISPATCH_LEVEL
            2 - current IRQL
            3 - pool type
            4 - number of bytes

        0x03 : caller is trying to allocate more than one page of mustsucceed pool, but one page is the maximum allowed by this API.

        0x10 : caller is freeing a bad pool address
            2 - bad pool address

        0x11 : caller is trying to free paged pool at DISPATCH_LEVEL or above
            2 - current IRQL
            3 - pool type
            4 - pool address

        0x12 : caller is trying to free nonpaged pool at an IRQL above DISPATCH_LEVEL
            2 - current IRQL
            3 - pool type
            4 - pool address

        0x13 : the pool the caller is trying to free is already free.
            2 - line number
            3 - pool header
            4 - pool header contents

        0x14 : the pool the caller is trying to free is already free.
            2 - line number
            3 - pool header
            4 - pool header contents

        0x15 : the pool the caller is trying to free contains an active timer.
            2 - timer entry
            3 - pool type
            4 - pool address being freed

        0x16 : the pool the caller is trying to free is a bad address.
            2 - line number
            3 - pool address
            4 - 0

        0x17 : the pool the caller is trying to free contains an active ERESOURCE.
            2 - resource entry
            3 - pool type
            4 - pool address being freed

        0x30 : raising IRQL to an invalid level,
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  new IRQL
        0x31 : lowering IRQL to an invalid level,
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  new IRQL
        0x32 : releasing a spinlock when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  spinlock address

        0x33 : acquiring a fast mutex when not at APC_LEVEL or below.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  fast mutex address

        0x34 : releasing a fast mutex when not at APC_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  thread APC disable count, 4 == fast mutex address

        0x35 : kernel is releasing a spinlock when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  spinlock address, 4 == old irql.

        0x36 : kernel is releasing a queued spinlock when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  spinlock number,
            4 -  old irql.

        0x37 : a resource is being acquired but APCs are not disabled.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  thread APC disable count,
            4 -  resource.

        0x38 : a resource is being released but APCs are not disabled.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  thread APC disable count,
            4 -  resource.

        0x39 : a mutex is being acquired unsafe, but irql is not APC_LEVEL on entry.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  thread APC disable count,
            4 -  mutex.

        0x3A : a mutex is being released unsafe, but irql is not APC_LEVEL on entry.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  thread APC disable count,
            4 -  mutex.

        0x3B : KeWaitXxx routine is being called at DISPATCH_LEVEL or higher.
            2 -  current irql,
            3 -  object to wait on,
            4 -  time out parameter.
        0x3C : ObReferenceObjectByHandle is being called with a bad handle.
            2 -  bad handle passed in,
            3 -  object type,
            4 -  0.

        0x40 : acquiring a spinlock when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  spinlock address

        0x41 : releasing a spinlock when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  spinlock address

        0x42 : acquiring a spinlock when caller is already above DISPATCH_LEVEL.
            2 -  current IRQL,
            3 -  spinlock address

        0x51 : freeing memory where the caller has written past the end of the allocation overwriting our stored bytecount.
            2 -  base address of the allocation,
            3 -  corrupt address,
            4 -  charged bytes.

        0x52 : freeing memory where the caller has written past the end of the allocation overwriting our stored virtual address.
            2 -  base address of the allocation,
            3 -  hash entry,
            4 -  charged bytes.

        0x53 : freeing memory where the caller has written past the end of the allocation overwriting our stored virtual address.
            2 -  base address of the allocation,
            3 -  header,
            4 - internal verifier pointer.

        0x54 : freeing memory where the caller has written past the end of the allocation overwriting our stored virtual address.
            2 -  base address of the allocation,
            3 -  pool hash size,
            4 -  listindex.

        0x59 : freeing memory where the caller has written past the end of the allocation overwriting our stored virtual address.
            2 -  base address of the allocation,
            3 -  listindex,
            4 -  internal verifier pointer.

        0x60 : A driver has forgotten to free its pool allocations prior to unloading.
            2 -  paged bytes, 3 = nonpaged bytes,
            4 -  total # of (paged+nonpaged) allocations that weren't freed.

            In the kernel debugger for a 32-bit target machine, type:
                kd> dc ViBadDriver l1; dc @$p+4 l1; du @$p

                This gives you the name of the driver.
                Then type !verifier 3 drivername.sys for info on the allocations
                that were leaked that caused the bugcheck.

            Assign the bug to the driver owner found above.

        0x61 : A driver is unloading and allocating memory (in another thread) at the same time.
            2 -  paged bytes, 3 = nonpaged bytes,
            4 -  total # of (paged+nonpaged) allocations that weren't freed.

            In the kernel debugger for a 32-bit target machine, type:
                kd> dc ViBadDriver l1; dc @$p+4 l1; du @$p

                This gives you the name of the driver.
                Then type !verifier 3 drivername.sys for info on the allocations
                that were leaked that caused the bugcheck.

            Assign the bug to the driver owner found above.

        0x6F : MmProbeAndLockPages called on pages not in PFN database.  This
               is typically a driver calling this routine to lock its own
               private dualport RAM.  Not only is this not needed, it can also
               corrupt memory on machines with noncontiguous physical RAM.
               2 -  MDL address
               3 -  physical page being locked
               4 -  highest physical page in the system

        0x70 : MmProbeAndLockPages called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  access mode

        0x71 : MmProbeAndLockProcessPages called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  process address

        0x72 : MmProbeAndLockSelectedPages called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  process address

        0x73 : MmMapIoSpace called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  low 32 bits of the physical address (full 64 on Win64)
               4 -  number of bytes

        0x74 : MmMapLockedPages called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  access mode

        0x75 : MmMapLockedPages called when not at APC_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  access mode

        0x76 : MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  access mode

        0x77 : MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache called when not at APC_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  access mode

        0x78 : MmUnlockPages called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  MDL address
               4 -  0

        0x79 : MmUnmapLockedPages called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  virtual address being unmapped
               4 -  MDL address

        0x7A : MmUnmapLockedPages called when not at APC_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  virtual address being unmapped
               4 -  MDL address

        0x7B : MmUnmapIoSpace called when not at APC_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  virtual address being unmapped
               4 -  number of bytes

        0x7C : MmUnlockPages called with an MDL whose pages were never successfully locked.
               2 -  MDL address
               3 -  MDL flags
               4 -  0

        0x7D : MmUnlockPages called with an MDL whose pages are from nonpaged pool - these should never be unlocked.
               2 -  MDL address
               3 -  MDL flags
               4 -  0

        0x80 : KeSetEvent called when not at DISPATCH_LEVEL or below.
               2 -  current IRQL
               3 -  event address
               4 -  0

        0x81 : MmMapLockedPages called without MDL_MAPPING_CAN_FAIL
               2 -  MDL address
               3 -  MDL flags
               4 -  0

        0x82 : MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache called without MDL_MAPPING_CAN_FAIL
               2 -  MDL address
               3 -  MDL flags
               4 -  Whether to bugcheck on failure

        0x83 : MmMapIoSpace called to map, but the caller hasn't locked down the MDL pages.
               2 -  Starting physical address to map.
               3 -  Number of bytes to map.
               4 -  The first page frame number that isn't locked down.

        0x84 : MmMapIoSpace called to map, but the caller hasn't locked down the MDL pages.
               2 -  Starting physical address to map.
               3 -  Number of bytes to map.
               4 -  The first page frame number that is on the free list.

        0x85 : MmMapLockedPages called to map, but the caller hasn't locked down the MDL pages.
               2 -  MDL address.
               3 -  Number of pages to map.
               4 -  The first page frame number that isn't locked down.

        0x86 : MmMapLockedPages called to map, but the caller hasn't locked down the MDL pages.
               2 -  MDL address.
               3 -  Number of pages to map.
               4 -  The first page frame number that is on the free list.

        0x90 : A driver switched stacks. The current stack is neither a thread
               stack nor a DPC stack. Typically the driver doing this should be
               on the stack obtained from `kb' command.

DESCRIPTION
        Parameter 1 = 0x1000 .. 0x1020 - deadlock verifier error codes. Typically the
               code is 0x1001 (deadlock detected) and you can issue a
               `!deadlock' KD command to get more information.

DRIVER_CORRUPTED_EXPOOL           (0xC5)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        4 - address which referenced memory

DESCRIPTION
An attempt was made to access a pagable (or completely invalid) address at an
interrupt request level (IRQL) that is too high.  This is
caused by drivers that have corrupted the system pool.  Run the driver
verifier against any new (or suspect) drivers, and if that doesn't turn up
the culprit, then use gflags to enable special pool.

DRIVER_CAUGHT_MODIFYING_FREED_POOL           (0xC6)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - previous mode.
        4 - 4.

DESCRIPTION
An attempt was made to access freed pool memory.  The faulty component is
displayed in the current kernel stack.

TIMER_OR_DPC_INVALID                                    (0xC7)

A kernel timer or DPC was found in memory which must not contain such items.
Usually this is memory being freed.  This is usually caused by a device driver
that has not cleaned up properly before freeing memory.

PARAMETERS
        1 - What kind of object
            0   Timer Object
            1   DPC Object
            2   DPC Routine
        2 - Address of object
        3 - Start of range being checked
        4 - End of range being checked

IRQL_UNEXPECTED_VALUE                                   (0xC8)

The processor's IRQL is not what it should be at this time.  This is
usually caused by a lower level routine changing IRQL for some period
and not restoring IRQL at the end of that period (eg acquires spinlock
but doesn't release it).

PARAMETERS
        1 - (Current IRQL << 16) | (Expected IRQL << 8) | UniqueValue
DESCRIPTION
        if UniqueValue is 0 or 1
            2 = APC->KernelRoutine
            3 = APC
            4 = APC->NormalRoutine

DRIVER_VERIFIER_IOMANAGER_VIOLATION                     (0xC9)
The IO manager has caught a misbehaving driver.
PARAMETERS
        1 - Code that specifies the violation
            VALUES:
            1 : Invalid IRP passed to IoFreeIrp
                2 - the IRP passed in , 3/4 - 0
            2 : IRP still associated with a thread at IoFreeIrp
                2 - the IRP passed in , 3/4 - 0
            3 : Invalid IRP passed to IoCallDriver
                2 - the IRP passed in , 3/4 - 0
            4 : Invalid Device object passed to IoCallDriver
                2 - the Device object , 3/4 - 0
            5 : Irql not equal across call to the driver dispatch routine
                2 - the device object associated with the offending driver
                3 - the Irql before the call
                4 - the Irql after the call
            6 : IRP passed to IoCompleteRequest contains invalid status
                2 - the status
                3 - the IRP
                4 - 0
            7 : IRP passed to IoCompleteRequest still has cancel routine set
                2 - the cancel routine pointer
                3 - the IRP
                4 - 0
            8 : Call to IoBuildAsynchronousFsdRequest threw an exception
                2 - the Device object
                3 - the IRP major function
                4 - the exception status
            9 : Call to IoBuildDeviceIoControlRequest threw an exception
                2 - the Device object
                3 - the IoControlCode
                4 - the exception status
           10 : Reinitialization of Device object timer
                2 - the Device object , 3/4 - 0
           11 : Unused
           12 : Invalid IOSB in IRP at APC IopCompleteRequest (appears to be on
                stack that was unwound)
                2 - the IOSB pointer , 3/4 - 0
           13 : Invalid UserEvent in IRP at APC IopCompleteRequest (appears to be on
                stack that was unwound)
                2 - the UserEvent pointer , 3/4 - 0
           14 : Irql > DPC at IoCompleteRequest
                2 - the current Irql
                3 - the IRP
                4 - 0

PNP_DETECTED_FATAL_ERROR                    (0xCA)

PnP encountered a severe error, either as a result of a problem in a driver or
a problem in PnP itself.  The first argument describes the nature of the
problem, the second argument is the address of the PDO.  The other arguments
vary depending on argument 1.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Type of error.
        2 - Address of PDO.
        3 - Varies depending on argument 1
        4 - Varies depending on argument 1

        Argument 1 -
        VALUES:
        1 : Duplicate PDO

                A specific instance of a driver has enumerated multiple PDOs with
                identical device id and unique ids.

                2 - Newly reported PDO.

                3 - PDO of which it is a duplicate.

        2 : Invalid PDO

                An API which requires a PDO has been called with either an FDO, a PDO
                which hasn't been initialized yet (returned to PnP in a
                QueryDeviceRelation/BusRelations), or some random piece of memory.

                2 - Purported PDO.

        3 : Invalid ID

                An enumerator has returned an ID which contains illegal characters or
                isn't properly terminated.  IDs must only contain characters in the
                range 0x20-7F inclusive with the exception of 0x2C (comma) which is
                illegal.

                2 - PDO whose IDs were queried

                3 - Address of ID buffer

                4 - Type of ID
                VALUES
                        1 : DeviceID
                        2 : UniqueID
                        3 : HardwareIDs
                        4 : CompatibleIDs
                END_VALUES

        4 : Invalid enumeration of deleted PDO

                An enumerator has returned a PDO which it has previously deleted using
                IoDeleteDevice.

                2 - PDO with DOE_DELETE_PENDING set.

        5 : PDO freed while still linked in devnode tree.

                The object manager reference count on a PDO dropped to zero while the
                devnode was still linked in the tree.  This usually indicates that the
                driver is not adding a reference when returning the PDO in a query IRP.

                2 - PDO.



DRIVER_LEFT_LOCKED_PAGES_IN_PROCESS     (0xCB)
PARAMETERS
        1 - The calling address in the driver that locked the pages or if the IO manager locked the pages this
            points to the dispatch routine of the top driver on the stack to which the IRP was sent.
        2 - The caller of the calling address in the driver that locked the pages. If the IO manager locked the pages
            this points to the device object of the top driver on the stack to which the IRP was sent.
        3 - A pointer to the MDL containing the locked pages.
        4 - The guilty driver's name (Unicode string).

DESCRIPTION
Caused by a driver not cleaning up completely after an I/O.  The bad driver's
name is printed on the bugcheck screen and is available for re-dumping as
parameter 4 in the bugcheck data.
The broken driver's name is displayed on the screen.

PAGE_FAULT_IN_FREED_SPECIAL_POOL        (0xCC)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - if non-zero, the address which referenced memory.
        4 - Mm internal code.

DESCRIPTION
Memory was referenced after it was freed.
This cannot be protected by try-except.

When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

PAGE_FAULT_BEYOND_END_OF_ALLOCATION     (0xCD)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - if non-zero, the address which referenced memory.
        4 - Mm internal code.

DESCRIPTION
N bytes of memory was allocated and more than N bytes are being referenced.
This cannot be protected by try-except.

When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

DRIVER_UNLOADED_WITHOUT_CANCELLING_PENDING_OPERATIONS      (0xCE)

A driver unloaded without cancelling timers, DPCs, worker threads, etc.
The broken driver's name is displayed on the screen.
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - If non-zero, the instruction address which referenced the bad memory
            address.
        4 - Mm internal code.

TERMINAL_SERVER_DRIVER_MADE_INCORRECT_MEMORY_REFERENCE     (0xCF)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - If non-zero, the instruction address which referenced the bad memory
            address.
        4 - Mm internal code.

A driver has been incorrectly ported to Terminal Server.  It is referencing
session space addresses from the system process context.  Probably from
queueing an item to a system worker thread.
The broken driver's name is displayed on the screen.

DRIVER_CORRUPTED_MMPOOL     (0xD0)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        4 - address which referenced memory

An attempt was made to access a pagable (or completely invalid) address at an
interrupt request level (IRQL) that is too high.  This is
caused by drivers that have corrupted the system pool.  Run the driver
verifier against any new (or suspect) drivers, and if that doesn't turn up
the culprit, then use gflags to enable special pool.  You can also set
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management\ProtectNonPagedPool to a DWORD 1 value and reboot.  Then the system will unmap freed nonpaged pool, preventing drivers (although not DMA-hardware) from corrupting
the pool.

DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL           (0xD1)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        4 - address which referenced memory

DESCRIPTION
An attempt was made to access a pagable (or completely invalid) address at an
interrupt request level (IRQL) that is too high.  This is usually
caused by drivers using improper addresses.

If kernel debugger is available get stack backtrace.

DRIVER_PORTION_MUST_BE_NONPAGED         (0xD3)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
            If this value is non-zero and is equal to parameter 1, then
            The bugcheck indicates that a worker routine returned at raised
            IRQL.Parameter 1 and 3 are the address of the work routine, and
            parameter 4 is the workitem
        4 - address which referenced memory

DESCRIPTION
When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

An attempt was made to access a pagable (or completely invalid) address at an
interrupt request level (IRQL) that is too high.  This is usually
caused by drivers marking code or data as pagable when it should be
marked nonpaged.

If kernel debugger is available get stack backtrace.

SYSTEM_SCAN_AT_RAISED_IRQL_CAUGHT_IMPROPER_DRIVER_UNLOAD    (0xD4)

A driver unloaded without cancelling lookaside lists, DPCs, worker threads, etc.
The broken driver's name is displayed on the screen.

PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
            If this value is non-zero and is equal to parameter 1, then
            The bugcheck indicates that a worker routine returned at raised
            IRQL.Parameter 1 and 3 are the address of the work routine, and
            parameter 4 is the workitem
        4 - address which referenced memory

DESCRIPTION
When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

An attempt was made to access the driver at raised IRQL after it unloaded.

If kernel debugger is available get stack backtrace.

DRIVER_PAGE_FAULT_IN_FREED_SPECIAL_POOL        (0xD5)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - if non-zero, the address which referenced memory.
        4 - Mm internal code.

DESCRIPTION
Memory was referenced after it was freed.
This cannot be protected by try-except.

When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

DRIVER_PAGE_FAULT_BEYOND_END_OF_ALLOCATION     (0xD6)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        3 - if non-zero, the address which referenced memory.
        4 - Mm internal code.

DESCRIPTION
N bytes of memory was allocated and more than N bytes are being referenced.
This cannot be protected by try-except.

When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

DRIVER_UNMAPPING_INVALID_VIEW                  (0xD7)
PARAMETERS
        1 - virtual address to unmap.
        2 - 1.
        3 - 0.
        4 - 0.

DESCRIPTION
A driver (usually win32k.sys, but can be determined from the stack trace for
certain) is trying to unmap an address that was not mapped.

DRIVER_USED_EXCESSIVE_PTES                      (0xD8)
PARAMETERS
        1 - If non-null, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string).
        2 - If parameter 1 non-null, the number of PTEs used by the guilty driver.
        3 - Total free system PTEs
        4 - Total system PTEs

DESCRIPTION
No System PTEs left.  Usually caused by a driver not cleaning up
properly.  If non-null, the second parameter shows the name of the driver
who is consuming the most PTEs.  The calling stack also shows the name of
the driver which bugchecked.  Both drivers need to be fixed and/or the number
of PTEs increased.

When possible, the guilty driver's name (Unicode string) is printed on
the bugcheck screen and saved in KiBugCheckDriver.

LOCKED_PAGES_TRACKER_CORRUPTION                 (0xD9)

PARAMETERS
        1 - Type of error.
        VALUES:
        1 : The MDL is being inserted twice on the same process list.

                2 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                3 - Address of memory descriptor list.
                4 - Number of pages locked for the current process.

        2 : The MDL is being inserted twice on the systemwide list.

                2 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                3 - Address of memory descriptor list.
                4 - Number of pages locked for the current process.

        3 : The MDL was found twice in the process list when being freed.

                Arguments:

                2 - Address of first internal tracking structure found.
                3 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                4 - Address of memory descriptor list.


        4 : The MDL was found in the systemwide list on free after it was removed.

                2 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                3 - Address of memory descriptor list.
                4 - 0.

SYSTEM_PTE_MISUSE                               (0xDA)

The stack trace identifies the guilty driver.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Type of error.
        VALUES:
        1 : The PTE mapping being freed is a duplicate.

                2 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                3 - Address of memory descriptor list.
                4 - Address of duplicate internal lock tracking structure.

        2 : The number of PTE mappings being freed is incorrect.

                2 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                3 - Number of PTEs the system thinks should be freed.
                4 - Number of PTEs the driver is requesting to free.

        3 : The PTE mapping address being freed is incorrect.

                2 - Address of first internal tracking structure found.
                3 - The PTE address the system thinks should be freed.
                4 - The PTE address the driver is requesting to free.

        4 : The first page of the mapped MDL has changed since the MDL was mapped.

                2 - Address of internal lock tracking structure.
                3 - Page frame number the system thinks should be first in the MDL.
                4 - Page frame number that is currently first in the MDL.

        5 : The start virtual address in the MDL being freed has changed since
        the MDL was mapped.

                2 - Address of first internal tracking structure found.
                3 - The virtual address the system thinks should be freed.
                4 - The virtual address the driver is requesting to free.

        6 : The MDL being freed was never (or is currently not) mapped.

                2 - The MDL specified by the driver.
                3 - The virtual address specified by the driver.
                4 - The number of PTEs to free (specified by the driver).

        7 : The PTE range is being double allocated.

                2 - Starting PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs.
                4 - Caller Id (system internal).

        8 : The caller is asking to free an incorrect number of PTEs.

                2 - Starting PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is freeing.
                4 - Number of PTEs the system thinks should be freed.

        9 : The caller is asking to free PTEs where one of them is not allocated.

                2 - Starting PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is freeing.
                4 - PTE index that the system thinks is already free.

        0xA : The caller is asking to allocate 0 PTEs.

                2 - Bugcheck on failure parameter.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is allocating.
                4 - Type of PTE pool requested.

        0xB : The PTE list is already corrupted at the time of this allocation.
          The corrupt PTE is below the lowest possible PTE address.

                2 - Corrupt PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is allocating.
                4 - Type of PTE pool requested.

        0xC : The PTE list is already corrupted at the time of this allocation.
          The corrupt PTE is above the lowest possible PTE address.

                2 - Corrupt PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is allocating.
                4 - Type of PTE pool requested.

        0xD : The caller is trying to free 0 PTEs.

                2 - Starting PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is freeing.
                4 - Type of PTE pool.

        0xE : The caller is trying to free PTEs and the guard PTE has been overwritten.

                2 - Starting PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is freeing.
                4 - Type of PTE pool.

        0xF : The caller is trying to free a bogus PTE.
          The bogus PTE is below the lowest possible PTE address.

                2 - Bogus PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is trying to free.
                4 - Type of PTE pool being freed.

        0x10 : The caller is trying to free a bogus PTE.
           The bogus PTE is above the highest possible PTE address.

                2 - Bogus PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is trying to free.
                4 - Type of PTE pool being freed.

        0x11 : The caller is trying to free a bogus PTE.
           The bogus PTE is at the base of the PTE address space.

                2 - Bogus PTE.
                3 - Number of PTEs the caller is trying to free.
                4 - Type of PTE pool being freed.

DRIVER_CORRUPTED_SYSPTES           (0xDB)
PARAMETERS
        1 - memory referenced
        2 - IRQL
        3 - value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation
        4 - address which referenced memory

DESCRIPTION
An attempt was made to access a pagable (or completely invalid) address at an
interrupt request level (IRQL) that is too high.  This is
caused by drivers that have corrupted system PTEs.  Set
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management\TrackPtes to a DWORD 3 value and reboot.  Then the system will save stack traces and
perform validity checks so the guilty driver can be identified.
There is no other way to find out which driver did this.  When you enable
this flag, if the driver commits the error again you will see a different
bugcheck - SYSTEM_PTE_MISUSE - and the stack trace will identify the offending
driver(s).

DRIVER_INVALID_STACK_ACCESS                   (0xDC)

A driver accessed a stack address that lies below the stack pointer of the
stack's thread.

POOL_CORRUPTION_IN_FILE_AREA                  (0xDE)

A driver corrupted pool memory used for holding pages destined for disk.
This was discovered by the memory manager when dereferencing the file.

IMPERSONATING_WORKER_THREAD                    (0xDF)

A workitem forgot to disable impersonation before it completed.

PARAMETERS
    1 - Worker Routine that caused this bugcheck.
    2 - Parameter passed to this worker routine.
    3 - Pointer to the Workitem.

ACPI_BIOS_FATAL_ERROR                         (0xE0)

Your computer (BIOS) has reported that a component in your system is faulty and
has prevented Windows from operating.  You can determine which component is
faulty by running the diagnostic disk or tool that came with your computer.

If you do not have this tool, you must contact your system vendor and report
this error message to them.  They will be able to assist you in correcting this
hardware problem thereby allowing Windows to operate.

WORKER_THREAD_RETURNED_AT_BAD_IRQL            (0xE1)
PARAMETERS
        1 - address of worker routine (do ln on this to find guilty driver)
        2 - IRQL returned at (should have been 0, but isn't).
        3 - workitem parameter
        4 - workitem address

MANUALLY_INITIATED_CRASH                      (0xE2)

The user manually initiated this crash dump.

RESOURCE_NOT_OWNED                            (0xE3)

A thread tried to release a resource it did not own.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Address of resource
        2 - Address of thread
        3 - Address of owner table if there is one

WORKER_INVALID                                (0xE4)

A executive worker item was found in memory which must not contain such
items.  Usually this is memory being freed.  This is usually caused by
a device driver that has not cleaned up properly before freeing memory.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Code position indicator
        2 - Address of worker item
        3 - Start of pool block
        4 - End of pool block

DRIVER_VERIFIER_DMA_VIOLATION                     (0xE6)

An illegal DMA operation was attempted by a driver being verified.
PARAMETERS
        1- Violation code.
            VALUES:
            0x03 : Double-freed DMA common buffer.
            0x04 : Double-freed DMA adapter channel.
            0x05 : Double-freed DMA map register.
            0x06 : Double-freed DMA scatter-gather list.
            0x0E : Buffer not locked. DMA transfer has been
                   attempted with a PAGED buffer.
            0x0F : Boundary overrun. Driver or DMA hardware has
                   written outside of its allocation.
            0x18 : Adapter already released. A DMA operation has been
                   attempted using an adapter that no longer exists.


INVALID_FLOATING_POINT_STATE                  (0xE7)

While restoring the previously saved floating point state for a thread,
the state was found to be invalid.  The first argument indicates which
validity check failed.
PARAMETERS
   1 -  indicates which validity check failed.
   VALUES:
        0 : Saved context flags field is invalid, either FLOAT_SAVE_VALID
            is not set or some of the reserved bits are non-zero.  Second
            argument is the flags field.

        1 : The current processor interrupt priority level (IRQL) is not
            the same as when the floating point context was saved.
            Second argument is saved IRQL, third is current IRQL.

        2 : The saved context does not belong to the current thread.
            Second argument is the saved address of the thread this
            floating point context belongs to, third argument is the
            current thread.

INVALID_CANCEL_OF_FILE_OPEN                    (0xE8)

The fileobject passed to IoCancelFileOpen is invalid. It should have reference of 1. The driver
that called IoCancelFileOpen is at fault.

PARAMETERS
    1 - FileObject passed to IoCancelFileOpen
    2 - DeviceObject passed to IoCancelFileOpen

ACTIVE_EX_WORKER_THREAD_TERMINATION           (0xE9)

An executive worker thread is being terminated without having gone through
the worker thread rundown code.  A stack trace should indicate the cause.

PARAMETERS
        1 - The exiting ETHREAD.

THREAD_STUCK_IN_DEVICE_DRIVER                 (0xEA)

The device driver is spinning in an infinite loop, most likely waiting for
hardware to become idle. This usually indicates problem with the hardware
itself or with the device driver programming the hardware incorrectly.

        1 - Pointer to a stuck thread object. Do .thread then kb on it to
            find hung location.

        2 - Pointer to a DEFERRED_WATCHDOG object.

        3 - Pointer to offending driver name.

        4 - Number of times "intercepted" bugcheck 0xEA was hit (see notes).

DESCRIPTION

If the kernel debugger is connected and running when watchdog detects a
timeout condition then DbgBreakPoint() will be called instead of KeBugCheckEx()
and detailed message including bugcheck arguments will be printed to the
debugger. This way we can identify an offending thread, set breakpoints in it,
and hit go to return to the spinning code to debug it further. Because
KeBugCheckEx() is not called the .bugcheck directive will not return bugcheck
information in this case. The argumentes are already printed out to the kernel
debugger. You can also retrieve them from watchdog's global variable via
"dd watchdog!g_WdBugCheckData l5" (use dq on NT64).

On MP machines it is possble to hit a timeout when the spinning thread is
interrupted by hardware interrupt and ISR routine is running at the time of
the bugcheck (this is because watchdog's work item can be delivered and
handled on the second CPU and the same time). If this is the case you will have
to look deeper at the offending thread's stack (e.g. using dds) to determine
spinning code which caused the timeout to occur.

DIRTY_MAPPED_PAGES_CONGESTION                 (0xEB)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Total number of dirty pages
        2 - Number of dirty pages destined for the pagefile(s).
        3 - Nonpaged pool available at time of bugcheck (in pages).
        4 - Number of transition pages that are currently stranded.

DESCRIPTION
No free pages available to continue operations.

If kernel debugger available, type "!vm 3".

        This bugcheck usually occurs for the following reasons:

        1.  A driver has blocked, deadlocking the modified or mapped
            page writers.  Examples of this include mutex deadlocks or
            accesses to paged out memory in filesystem drivers, filter
            drivers, etc.  This indicates a driver bug.

        2.  The storage driver(s) are not processing requests.  Examples
            of this are stranded queues, non-responding drives, etc.  This
            indicates a driver bug.

            If parameter 1 or 2 is large, then this is a possibility.  Type
            "!process 8 7" in the kernel debugger.

        3.  Not enough pool is available for the storage stack to write out
            modified pages.  This indicates a driver bug.

            If parameter 3 is small, then this is a possibility.  Type
            "!vm" and "!poolused 2" in the kernel debugger.

SESSION_HAS_VALID_SPECIAL_POOL_ON_EXIT  (0xEC)
PARAMETERS
        1 - session ID
        2 - number of special pool pages that are leaking

DESCRIPTION
Caused by a session driver not freeing its pool allocations prior to a
session unload.  This typically indicates a bug in win32k.sys, atmfd.dll,
rdpdd.dll or a video driver.


UNMOUNTABLE_BOOT_VOLUME (0xED)

        The IO subsystem attempted to mount the boot volume and it failed.

PARAMETERS
        1 - Device object of the boot volume
        2 - Status code from the filesystem on why it failed to mount the volume

SCSI_VERIFIER_DETECTED_VIOLATION (0xF1)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Error code:
        VALUES
        1000 : Miniport passed bad params to ScsiPortInitialize

            2 - First argument to ScsiPortInitialize
            3 - Second argument to ScsiPortInitialize

        1001 : Miniport stalled processor too long

            2 - Delay in microseconds supplied by miniport

        1002 : Miniport routine executed too long

            2 - Address of routine that ran too long
            3 - Address of miniport's HwDeviceExtension
            4 - Duration of the routine in microseconds

        1003 : Miniport completed a request multiple times

            2 - Address of miniport's HwDeviceExtension
            3 - Address of SRB of multiply completed request

        1004 : Miniport has completed request with bad status

            2 - Address of SRB
            3 - Address of miniport's HwDeviceExtension

        1005 : Miniport has asked for the next LU request while
               an untagged request is active

            2 - Address of miniport's HwDeviceExtension
            3 - Address of logical unit extension

        1006 : Miniport called ScsiportGetPhysicalAddress with a bad VA

            2 - Address of miniport's HwDeviceExtension
            3 - VA supplied by the miniport

        1007 : Miniport had outstanding requests at the end of a bus reset period

            2 - Address of adapter extension
            3 - Address of miniport's HwDeviceExtension

DESCRIPTION
The SCSI verifier has detected an error in a SCSI miniport driver being verified.

HARDWARE_INTERRUPT_STORM (0xF2)
PARAMETERS
     1 - address of the ISR (or first ISR in the chain) connected to the storming interrupt vector
     2 - ISR context value
     3 - address of the interrupt object for the storming interrupt vector
     4 - 0x1 if the ISR is not chained, 0x2 if the ISR is chained
DESCRIPTION
This bugcheck, 0xF2 (a.k.a. , will show up on the screen when the kernel
detects an interrupt "storm".  An interrupt storm is defined as a level
triggered interrupt signal staying in the asserted state.  This is fatal
to the system in the manner that the system will hard hang, or "bus lock".

This can happen because of the following:

 -  A piece of hardware does not release its interrupt signal after being told to do so by the device driver
 -  A device driver does not instruct its hardware to release the interrupt signal because it does not
    believe the interrupt was initiated from its hardware
 -  A device driver claims the interrupt even though the interrupt was not initiated from its hardware.
    Note that this can only occur when multiple devices are sharing the same IRQ.
 -  The ELCR (edge level control register) is set incorrectly.
 -  Edge and Level interrupt triggered devices share an IRQ (e.g. COM port and PCI SCSI controller).

All of these cases will instantly hard hang your system.  Instead of hard
hanging the system, this bugcheck is initiated since in many cases it can
identify the culprit.

When the bugcheck occurs, the module containing the ISR (interrupt service
routine) of the storming IRQ is displayed on the screen.  This is an
example of what you would see:

*** STOP: 0x000000F2 (0xFCA7C55C, 0x817B9B28, 0x817D2AA0, 0x00000002)

An interrupt storm has caused the system to hang.

*** Address FCA7C55C base at FCA72000, Datestamp 3A72BDEF - ACPI.sys

In the event the fourth parameter is a 0x00000001, the module pointed to
is very likely the culprit.  Either the driver is broken, or the hardware
is malfunctioning.

In the event the fourth parameter is a 0x00000002, the module pointed to
is the first ISR in the chain, and is never guaranteed to be the culprit.
A user experiencing this bugcheck repeatedly should try to isolate the
problem by looking for devices that are on the same IRQ as the one for
which the module is a driver for (in this case, the same IRQ that ACPI
is using).  In the future, we may be able to list all devices on a
chained ISR.

If you see a bugcheck like this, you should send mail to WINIRQTR to 
have the system debugged.  People on this alias are well trained to debug
this type of failure and can typically isolate the faulty hardware or 
device driver quickly.

DISORDERLY_SHUTDOWN               (0xF3)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Total number of dirty pages
        2 - Number of dirty pages destined for the pagefile(s).
        3 - Nonpaged pool available at time of bugcheck (in pages).
        4 - Current shutdown stage.

DESCRIPTION
No free pages available to continue operations.

Because applications are not terminated and drivers are
not unloaded, they can continue to access pages even after
the modified writer has terminated.  This can cause the
system to run out of pages since the pagefile(s) cannot be used.

CRITICAL_OBJECT_TERMINATION       (0xF4)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Terminating object type
            VALUES:
                3 : Process
                6 : Thread
        2 - Terminating object
        3 - Process image file name
        4 - Explanatory message (ascii)

DESCRIPTION
A process or thread crucial to system operation has unexpectedly exited or been terminated.

Several processes and threads are necessary for the operation of the
system; when they are terminated (for any reason), the system can no
longer function.

PCI_VERIFIER_DETECTED_VIOLATION   (0xF6)
PARAMETERS
        1 - Failure detected
            VALUES:
                1 : An active bridge was reprogrammed by the BIOS during a docking event
                2 : The PMCSR register was not updated within the spec mandated time
                3 : A driver has written to OS controlled portions of a PCI device's config space

DESCRIPTION
The PCI driver detected an error in a device or BIOS being verified.

BUGCODE_USB_DRIVER                            (0xFE)
PARAMETERS
        1 - USB Bugcheck Code:
VALUES
        1 : INTERNAL_ERROR An internal error has occured in the USB stack
           
        2 : BAD_URB The USB client driver has submitted a URB that is 
               still attached to another IRP still pending in the bus
               driver.  
 
            2 - Address of pending IRP.
            3 - Address of IRP passed in.
            4 - Address URB that caused the error.

        3 : MINIPORT_ERROR The USB miniport driver has generated a 
               bugcheck. This is usually in response to catastrophic 
               hardware failure.

        4 : IRP_URB_DOUBLE_SUBMIT The caller has submitted an irp 
               that is already pending in the USB bus driver.
        
            2 - Address of IRP
            3 - Address of URB
                       
        
DESCRIPTION
USB Driver bugcheck, first parameter is USB bugcheck code.